Lidhja mes ndryshimeve klimatike dhe t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb grave p\u00ebr disa mund t\u00eb duket e \u00e7uditshme. Por p\u00ebr Zandile Gumede, kryetarja e par\u00eb grua e Durban, (Afrika e Jugut), ato jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pandashme. Ajo u zgjodh kryetare vitin e kaluar pjes\u00ebrisht me premtimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb adresuar problemet mjedisore n\u00eb rajon. Angazhimi i m\u00eb shum\u00eb grave n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsor p\u00ebr gjetjen e zgjidhjeve, tha ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zonja Gumede, 55 vje\u00e7e, e njeh mir\u00eb llojin e aktivizmit politik q\u00eb po inkurajon. Ajo u rrit n\u00eb epok\u00ebn e aparteidit racor t\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs s\u00eb Jugut dhe u bashkua n\u00eb radh\u00ebt e Kongresit Komb\u00ebtar Afrikan t\u00eb Nelson Mandel\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Grat\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb cenuara ndaj ndikimeve t\u00eb ndryshimeve klimatike dhe kan\u00eb m\u00eb pak gjasa t\u00eb arsimohen n\u00eb drejtime shkencore ose t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohen n\u00eb komitetet q\u00eb marrin vendime p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb mjedisore, tha ajo. Pra, nd\u00ebr nisma t\u00eb tjera, qeveria e saj po bashk\u00ebpunon me universitetet p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar q\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb gra t\u00eb arsimohen n\u00eb drejtime shkencore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Durban, nj\u00eb nga qytetet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn e Jugut, si edhe pjesa tjet\u00ebr e vendit, po p\u00ebrballet me nj\u00eb nga that\u00ebsirat m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnda n\u00eb historin\u00eb e tij. Rritja e urbanizimit dhe industrializimit, ndotja nga kamion\u00ebt q\u00eb hyjn\u00eb dhe dalin nga porti i qytetit, m\u00eb i madhi n\u00eb vend dhe rrug\u00ebt ujore t\u00eb kontaminuara vet\u00ebm po p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsojn\u00eb kriz\u00ebn mjedisore n\u00eb rritje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cNdryshimet klimatike jan\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje e p\u00ebrditshme p\u00ebr ne dhe grat\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebse e gjith\u00e7kaje\u201d, tha ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Meqen\u00ebse moti i prek t\u00eb gjith\u00eb, ideja se grat\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ndjeshme ndaj efekteve t\u00eb ndryshimeve klimatike, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb vendet n\u00eb zhvillim, disave mund t’i duket e \u00e7uditshme. Por jan\u00eb grat\u00eb ato q\u00eb kan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb gjasa t\u00eb grumbullojn\u00eb ujin p\u00ebr pije, ushqimin, drut\u00eb p\u00ebr ngrohje dhe sipas nj\u00eb raporti t\u00eb Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara t\u00eb vitit 2009, p\u00ebr k\u00ebto arsye ato mbajn\u00eb barr\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb motit ekstrem, i cili zhduk burimet ujore dhe degradon tok\u00ebn. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht grat\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb forc\u00ebs pun\u00ebtore bujq\u00ebsore n\u00eb shum\u00eb vende n\u00eb zhvillim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hulumtimet gjithashtu kan\u00eb treguar se kur burimet jan\u00eb t\u00eb pakta, grat\u00eb shpesh u japin prioritet n\u00eb ushqim burrave dhe djemve t\u00eb tyre, teksa mohojn\u00eb veten dhe vajzat e tyre. Ngjash\u00ebm, kur ndotja e ajrit shkakton rritje t\u00eb s\u00ebmundjeve si astma – q\u00eb tashm\u00eb po ndodh n\u00eb Durban bazuar n\u00eb zonj\u00ebn Gumede – zakonisht \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebna ajo q\u00eb q\u00ebndron n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi p\u00ebr t’u kujdesur p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e s\u00ebmur\u00eb, duke reduktuar produktivitetin dhe zhvillimin e karrier\u00ebs s\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“Disa vite m\u00eb par\u00eb, ndryshimet klimatike konsideroheshin si neutrale ndaj gjinis\u00eb. Por kur b\u00ebm\u00eb nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb gjinore, termi \u201cneutrale ndaj gjinis\u00eb\u201d doli t\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptoj n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb \u201cinjorante ndaj gjinis\u00eb\u201d, tha Naoko Ishii, shefi ekzekutiv i organizat\u00ebs jofitimprur\u00ebse, Fondi Global i Mjedisit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Si shenj\u00eb q\u00eb tashm\u00eb po rritet vet\u00ebdijesimi mbi lidhjen midis t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb grave dhe ndryshimeve klimatike, muajin e kaluar, u mbajt konferenca e par\u00eb C40 Women4Climate n\u00eb Manhattan, duke sjell\u00eb s\u00eb bashku kryetare nga e gjith\u00eb bota. C40 Cities \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb ombrell\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 90 qytete q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb trajtimin e ndryshimeve klimatike; Michael R. Bloomberg, ish-kryetar i bashkis\u00eb s\u00eb Ne\u00eb York-ut, \u00ebsht\u00eb president i bordit t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebr Patricia de Lille, kryetare e Cape To\u00ebn, efektet e ndryshimeve klimatike p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb urgjenc\u00eb urbane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cN\u00eb qytetin tim na kan\u00eb mbetur edhe 120 dit\u00eb me uj\u00eb t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm. Neve na duhet t\u00eb luftojm\u00eb ndryshimet klimatike \u00e7do dit\u00eb\u201d, tha ajo. Qyteti, nd\u00ebr iniciativat e tjera, planifikon t\u00eb b\u00ebhet i pari n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor autobus\u00ebt elektrik\u00eb p\u00ebr sistemin e transportit publik dhe synon t\u00eb instaloj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 100,000 ngroh\u00ebs diellor\u00eb t\u00eb ujit n\u00eb \u00e7atit\u00eb e sht\u00ebpive brenda tre viteve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“Kriza ka sjell\u00eb edhe disa mund\u00ebsi. Gjat\u00eb dy viteve, ne kemi trajnuar 4,000 t\u00eb rinj n\u00eb rregullimin e sistemeve hidraulike\u201d, shtoi ajo. N\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, ajo shpreson q\u00eb deri n\u00eb vitin 2020 gati 20 p\u00ebrqind e energjis\u00eb n\u00eb qytetin e saj do t\u00eb vij\u00eb nga burime t\u00eb rinovueshme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Qeverit\u00eb e qyteteve\/bashkive jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb shkath\u00ebta se ato shtet\u00ebrore dhe federale dhe mund t\u00eb marrin vendime m\u00eb shpejt p\u00ebr t\u00eb ofruar zgjidhje kreative mjedisore \u2013 t\u00eb tilla si kufizimi i disa rrug\u00ebve n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb qytetit ku tani lejohen vet\u00ebm k\u00ebmb\u00ebsor\u00ebt, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb s\u00eb fundmi n\u00eb Paris dhe Ne\u00eb York City.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cQytetet prodhojn\u00eb 70 p\u00ebrqind t\u00eb gazeve serr\u00eb. Kryetar\u00ebt e komunave jan\u00eb shum\u00eb pragmatik\u00eb, ne jemi njer\u00ebz shum\u00eb konkret. N\u00eb qeveri, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb jeni larg realitetit, por ne jemi af\u00ebr gjith\u00e7kaje dhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi\u201d, tha Anne Hidalgo, kryetarja e bashkis\u00eb s\u00eb Parisit dhe kryetare e C40.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cQytetet jan\u00eb po ashtu m\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb lidhin ambientalizmin me aktivizmin qytetar\u201d, tha Helen Fern\u00e1ndez, kryebashkiake e Karakasit n\u00eb Venezuel\u00eb. \u201cGrat\u00eb marrin iniciativa dhe jan\u00eb n\u00eb vij\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb frontit. Por p\u00ebrderisa jan\u00eb m\u00eb aktive n\u00eb nivel lokal ato shpesh lihen pas kur \u00e7\u00ebshtjet kalojn\u00eb tek nivelet qendrore\u201d, shtoi ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cKompanit\u00eb private, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht ato q\u00eb pun\u00ebsojn\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh grash, kan\u00eb gjithashtu p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb trajtuar ndikimin e ndryshimeve klimatike\u201d, tha Alexandra Palt, shefe e q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr L’Or\u00e9al, kompania m\u00eb e madhe n\u00eb bot\u00eb e fush\u00ebs s\u00eb estetik\u00ebs dhe nj\u00eb nga partner\u00ebt themelues t\u00eb \u00cbomen4Climate. \u201cUn\u00eb nuk mendoj se ndryshimet klimatike po b\u00ebhen \u00e7\u00ebshtje gjinore. Por mendoj se gjinia duhet t\u00eb merret parasysh p\u00ebr t’iu p\u00ebrgjigjur atyre n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn m\u00eb efektive\u201d, tha znj. Palt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebr shembull, L’Or\u00e9al p\u00ebrdor m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 1,000 ton gjalp\u00eb shea \u00e7do vit n\u00eb produktet e saj. N\u00eb Burkina Faso-n e goditur nga varf\u00ebria, grat\u00eb mbledhin arrat e pem\u00ebs afrikane shea dhe b\u00ebjn\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar gjalpin. Kjo p\u00ebrfshin p\u00ebrdorimin e sasive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb druve t\u00eb zjarrit p\u00ebr t\u00eb zier arr\u00ebn, gj\u00eb q\u00eb kontribuon n\u00eb shpyll\u00ebzim. L’Or\u00e9al \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjeje p\u00ebr t\u00eb instaluar soba gatimi q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin 50 p\u00ebrqind m\u00eb pak dru zjarri se ato tradicionalet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cDhjet\u00eb vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, theksi ishte tek krijimi i t\u00eb ardhurave p\u00ebr grat\u00eb dhe tek ndihmesa e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar modele ekonomike. Tani ndryshimet klimatike po b\u00ebhen gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. B\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr mbijetes\u00ebn e tyre\u201d, tha znj. Palt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara, Jess Morales Rocketto, aktiviste e shquar e komunitetit, vuri n\u00eb dukje shembullin e 9-vje\u00e7ares Amariyanna Copeny (Mari) ose si\u00e7 njihet ndryshe \u201cZonjush\u00ebs s\u00eb Vog\u00ebl Flint.\u201d Aktivizmi i saj n\u00eb internet ndihmoi t\u00eb bindte Presidentin Barack Obama t\u00eb vizitonte qytetin Flint n\u00eb Michigan vitin e kaluar p\u00ebr t\u00eb trajtuar kriz\u00ebn e ujit. Mari mori pjes\u00eb n\u00eb Marshin e Grave n\u00eb janar dhe ka vazhduar t\u00eb jet\u00eb e z\u00ebshme mbi ndotjen e ujit t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“Zonjusha e Vog\u00ebl Flint \u00ebsht\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebse n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen klimatike\u201d, tha znj. Morales Rocketto, e cila mori pjes\u00eb n\u00eb konferenc\u00ebn C40.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lidhja midis ndryshimeve klimatike dhe gjinis\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb gjithashtu me sigurimin q\u00eb grat\u00eb t\u00eb luajn\u00eb rol vendimtar n\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e agjend\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare mbi k\u00ebto ndryshime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebr shembull, me Marr\u00ebveshjen historike t\u00eb Parisit p\u00ebr ndryshimet klimatike, e cila hyri n\u00eb fuqi vitin e kaluar, grat\u00eb \u201ckishin nj\u00eb rol shum\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb proces\u201d, tha znj. Hidalgo. \u201cKur burrat dhe grat\u00eb punojn\u00eb s\u00eb bashku dhe sjellin p\u00ebrvoja shum\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme, at\u00ebher\u00eb fitohet nj\u00eb rezultat i mir\u00eb. At\u00ebher\u00eb gj\u00ebrat b\u00ebhen m\u00eb t\u00eb hapura sesa kur burrat punojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm\u201d, shtoi ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Por si\u00e7 tha zonja de Lille: \u201cN\u00ebnshkrimi i Marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb Parisit ishte pjesa e leht\u00eb. Ajo q\u00eb vijon \u00ebsht\u00eb zbatimi, zbatimi, zbatimi. Pas Marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb Parisit, u ktheva n\u00eb qytetin tim dhe u sigurova q\u00eb \u00e7do departament t\u00eb jet\u00eb i mbushur me konsiderata ndaj ndryshimeve klimatike.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Atmosfera politike tani \u00ebsht\u00eb ndryshe\u2013 t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara \u2013 prej koh\u00ebs kur u n\u00ebnshkrua marr\u00ebveshja. Presidenti Trump e ka kund\u00ebrshtuar at\u00eb dhe i ka quajtur ndryshimet klimatike \u201cmashtrime\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kund\u00ebrshtimi i tij mund t\u00eb mos e b\u00ebj\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb gjetjen e zgjidhjeve, por \u201cn\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre \u00ebsht\u00eb e par\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme ajo \u00e7ka b\u00ebn nj\u00eb administrat\u00eb apo nj\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs\u201d, tha Eleanor Blomstrom, bashk\u00ebdrejtoresh\u00eb e Organizat\u00ebs p\u00ebr Mjedisin dhe Zhvillimin e Grave. \u201cUn\u00eb nuk mendoj se nj\u00eb administrat\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si ne trajtojm\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje kaq urgjente\u201d, shtoi ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebr zonj\u00ebn Hidalgo, \u201cfjal\u00ebt e Presidentit Trump nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar k\u00ebt\u00eb proces. T\u00eb jesh skeptik sot do t\u00eb thot\u00eb t\u00eb mohosh realitetin. Ne jemi brezi i fundit q\u00eb mund t\u00eb veprojm\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar planetin.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n