Barra e pun\u00ebve t\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb u b\u00eb edhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb izolimit. Kjo ngarkes\u00eb kryesisht ra mbi shpatullat e grave, megjithat\u00eb, grat\u00eb amvise n\u00eb Island\u00eb treguan se ndryshimi \u00ebsht\u00eb i mundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00eb 24 tetor t\u00eb vitit 1975, 75,000 gra n\u00eb Island\u00eb lan\u00eb pun\u00ebn, f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e sht\u00ebpit\u00eb e tyre dhe dol\u00ebn n\u00eb rrug\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb grev\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme q\u00eb u quajt “Dita e lir\u00eb e grave “. N\u00eb Rejkjavik, 30,000 gra marshuan Laugavegur (n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e larjes), nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb bend muzikor i trumpetisteve luante melodin\u00eb e marshimit nga \u201cShoulder to Shoulder\u201d, nj\u00eb serial televiziv britanik p\u00ebr sufrazhetat (fjal\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr grat\u00eb q\u00eb protestuan p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e vot\u00ebs) q\u00eb transmetohej at\u00eb koh\u00eb n\u00eb Island\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pankartat e ngritura shpjegonin: “Ne marshojm\u00eb sepse zakonisht p\u00ebr nj\u00eb amvise thuhet q\u00eb: ‘Ajo nuk punon, por thjesht e mban sht\u00ebpin\u00eb’\u201d. \u201cNe marshojm\u00eb sepse puna e grave amvise, nuk konsiderohet si pun\u00eb e vlefshme n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebr burrat Islandez\u00eb, kjo dit\u00eb u b\u00eb e njohur si “E premtja e gjat\u00eb”. Pa gra n\u00eb tavolinat e pun\u00ebs, banka, fabrika dhe shum\u00eb dyqane u detyruan t\u00eb mbyllen poashtu shkollat dhe \u00e7erdhet – duke l\u00ebn\u00eb shum\u00eb baballar\u00eb pa zgjedhje tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se t\u00eb merrnin f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tyre me vete n\u00eb vendin e pun\u00ebs. Kishte raporte q\u00eb tregonin burrat pajiseshin me \u00ebmb\u00eblsira dhe ngjyrosnin me shkum\u00ebsa p\u00ebr t\u00eb arg\u00ebtuar f\u00ebmij\u00ebt n\u00eb vendet e tyre t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, ose paguanin f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tyre t\u00eb rritur p\u00ebr t’u kujdesur p\u00ebr v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit e motrat e tyre. Virshllet (shum\u00eb t\u00eb lehta p\u00ebr tu gatuar dhe ishin hit p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn) ishin aq t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuara sa dyqanet kishin mbetur pa to, e ne an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt qeshnin kur d\u00ebgjonin burrat duke prezantuar lajmet ditore n\u00eb radio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Shum\u00eb nga sukseset e feminizmit kan\u00eb ardhur n\u00eb momentet kur ishim n\u00eb detyr\u00eb dhe trupat tan\u00eb ishin diku tjet\u00ebr, tek pozitat q\u00eb i\u2019u p\u00ebrcaktoheshin grave nga kapitalizmi partiarkal. N\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar, reagimi i publikut ndaj dhun\u00ebs seksuale t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb ndaj 300 grave q\u00eb marshuan n\u00eb parlament duke k\u00ebrkuar t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e vot\u00ebs n\u00eb 18 n\u00ebntor t\u00eb vitit 1910, e njohur si e \u201cPremtja e zez\u00eb\u201d, ishte i dobish\u00ebm n\u00eb fitoren e t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb vot\u00ebs p\u00ebr grat\u00eb. Greva e vitit 1968 nga rrobaqep\u00ebset gra t\u00eb Ford-it n\u00eb Dagenham, e pasuar nga greva e vitit 1970 e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb firm\u00ebs Leeds, ishin mosmarr\u00ebveshje historike p\u00ebr marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e pun\u00ebs q\u00eb shkaktoi miratimin e Aktit t\u00eb Pages\u00ebs s\u00eb Barabart\u00eb 1970.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Megjithat\u00eb, gjithmon\u00eb ka qen\u00eb pak e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb protestohet kund\u00ebr pun\u00ebve t\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb. Kjo pasiq\u00eb problematika zhvillohet n\u00eb intimitetin e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr grat\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb shohin nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn duke b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pun\u00eb dhe ta pranojn\u00eb kolektivisht se burrat nuk ndajn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb barr\u00ebn (nj\u00eb grua mesatare britanike ende kontribuon 60% m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb jav\u00eb n\u00eb larje, fshirje dhe kujdes ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve se sa nj\u00eb burr\u00eb mesatar britanik, madje n\u00eb pandemi numri i or\u00ebve ditore \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb, duke shkuar deri n\u00eb 9 or\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cGreva e grave \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur; prandaj \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme\u201d, pohon Asambleja e Grev\u00ebs s\u00eb Grave (\u00cbomen\u2019s Strike Assembly), aleanc\u00eb e aktivist\u00ebve q\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb sh\u00ebnuar Dit\u00ebn Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Gruas, b\u00ebri thirrje q\u00eb nj\u00eb seri memorialesh i pankartave t\u00eb ngriheshin n\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb deklaruar pse #\u00ebestrikeas\u00ebomen (#grat\u00ebn\u00ebgrev\u00eb).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb nj\u00eb manifest t\u00eb botuar n\u00eb n\u00ebntor, \u00cbSA shkroi: \u201cNe jemi n\u00eb grev\u00eb sepse jemi lodhur q\u00eb puna jon\u00eb merret si e mir\u00ebqen\u00eb. Ne b\u00ebjm\u00eb grev\u00eb sepse ne mbajm\u00eb nd\u00ebrrim t\u00eb trefisht\u00eb: pun\u00ebn ton\u00eb q\u00eb paguhemi, pun\u00ebn ton\u00eb t\u00eb papaguar n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi dhe arsimimin e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve ton\u00eb n\u00eb pandemi\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb Liverpool, grat\u00eb e Bristol dhe Edinburg u mblodh\u00ebn t\u00eb h\u00ebn\u00ebn e kaluar, me distanc\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pandemis\u00eb, duke ngritur pankartat e tyre me mbishkrimin \u201c#\u00ebestrike because \u00ebe are tired. Very, very tired\u201d (Ne mbajm\u00eb grev\u00eb sepse jemi t\u00eb lodhura. Jemi shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb t\u00eb lodhura) nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb mural tjet\u00ebr i pikturuar nga Bristol Sisterhood, deklaroi \u201cFuck macho bullshit, \u00ebomen on fire\u201d (N\u00eb djall burrat macho, grat\u00eb n\u00eb aksion).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Megjithat\u00eb, shum\u00eb prej protestave n\u00eb rrjete sociale treguan pse t\u00eb h\u00ebn\u00ebn e kaluar nuk kishte shum\u00eb gra q\u00eb lan\u00eb pun\u00ebn. N\u00eb nj\u00ebr\u00ebn nga pankartat n\u00eb grev\u00eb shkruante: \u201cUn\u00eb jam autore e pavarur (freelancer), dhe po ta kisha l\u00ebn\u00eb pun\u00ebn nuk do t\u00eb m\u00eb paguanin (ose do ta humbja klientin!). Mir\u00ebpo me zem\u00ebr dhe mendje jam n\u00eb grev\u00eb\u201d. Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr thoshte: \u201cNuk mund t\u00eb mbaj grev\u00eb, por kam ndezur nj\u00eb qiri n\u00eb solidaritet\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb par\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje e grevave kund\u00ebr pun\u00ebs s\u00eb ndar\u00eb n\u00eb baza gjinore n\u00eb Spanj\u00eb dhe Amerik\u00ebn e Jugut. N\u00eb 2018, gjasht\u00eb milion gra u bashkuan n\u00eb Spanj\u00eb \u201cDia Sin Mujeres\u2019 (Dita pa gra), duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb k\u00ebtu edhe ish kryetaren e Madrdit, Manuela Carmena dhe aktoren Penelope Cruz, meq\u00eb “burrat feminist\u00eb n\u00eb solidaritet” punonin n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb \u00e7erdheve kolektive. N\u00eb pun\u00ebtorit\u00eb e solidaritetit ishin qepur p\u00ebrpar\u00ebse t\u00eb stilit t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr dhe po ato ishin lidhur n\u00eb ballkone si simbol i grev\u00ebs. Nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb Britani, intensiteti i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i grevave t\u00eb grave, kishte r\u00ebn\u00eb duksh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Selma James, bashk\u00ebthemeluese e projektit \u201cPag\u00eb p\u00ebr pun\u00eb t\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb\u201d me aktivist\u00eb marksist t\u00eb viteve ’70, ka nj\u00eb teori p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb munges\u00eb. Ajo thekson se p\u00ebrderisa pushteti i sindikatave tkurret, klima n\u00eb vendet anglo-saksone \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak mikprit\u00ebse ndaj gjesteve t\u00eb bojkotimit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr faktit q\u00eb marshet feministe fitojn\u00eb p\u00ebrkrahje m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Pa mbrojtje sindikale, grat\u00eb britanike dhe ato t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs s\u00eb Veriut q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb grev\u00eb nga puna rrezikojn\u00eb t\u00eb humbasin pun\u00ebn; nj\u00ebjt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr n\u00ebnat vetushqyese me ndihmes\u00eb sociale n\u00eb pandemi, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, grevat, duken si ruajtje e privilegjeve t\u00eb feministeve t\u00eb bardha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Prandaj, thirrja p\u00ebr v\u00ebmendje politike gjat\u00eb val\u00ebs s\u00eb tret\u00eb t\u00eb pandemis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb projekt urgjent. Vet\u00ebm 36% e grave britanike kan\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje q\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb punojn\u00eb me orar t\u00eb plot\u00eb krahas p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsive t\u00eb tyre p\u00ebr p\u00ebrkujdesje, krahasuar me 66% e burrave, gjithashtu shumica e n\u00ebnave \u00ebsht\u00eb dashur q\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb pun\u00ebn e tyre. Marshi i grave, Pregnant Then Screwed<\/em> dhe Women\u2019s Strike Assembly<\/em>, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, po b\u00ebjn\u00eb thirrje p\u00ebr protesta dhe marshime p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb pah seksizmin strukturor q\u00eb i ka l\u00ebn\u00eb grat\u00eb t\u00eb mbajn\u00eb barr\u00ebn e pun\u00ebs riprodhuese gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti krize.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, James, avokon p\u00ebr konsistenc\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme n\u00eb “rezistencat e vogla” si duke goditur tenxheret dhe tigan\u00ebt n\u00eb dritare apo duke vendosur pankarta protestuese, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshojm\u00eb standardet n\u00eb ndarjen e pun\u00ebve t\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dyzet e pes\u00eb vjet pas \u201cDit\u00ebs s\u00eb gruas\u201d, Islanda \u00ebsht\u00eb renditur n\u00eb krye t\u00eb \u201cGlobal Gender Gap Report<\/a>\u201d<\/em> t\u00eb Forumit Ekonomik Bot\u00ebror – nj\u00eb tregues q\u00eb shqyrton mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e shkollimit, jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb, barazis\u00eb n\u00eb pag\u00eb dhe koh\u00ebn mesatare t\u00eb shpenzuar p\u00ebr pun\u00ebt e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb n\u00eb 16 vitet e fundit. P\u00ebr shum\u00eb gra, grevat jan\u00eb t\u00eb pamundshme, mir\u00ebpo a mundemi ta p\u00ebrballojm\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, pa greva?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sally Howard<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u00ebrktheu: Medin\u00eb Dauti<\/p>\n\n\n\n