Pas disa jav\u00ebsh me diskutime komb\u00ebtare mbi sigurin\u00eb e grave dhe vajzave, termi “kultura e p\u00ebrdhunimit” \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur p\u00ebrs\u00ebri si titull kryesor. K\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me raportimin e dhun\u00ebs seksuale ndaj adoleshent\u00ebve n\u00eb shkolla t\u00eb mesme, disa prej t\u00eb cilave p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb shkollat m\u00eb prestigjioze t\u00eb Britanis\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zbulimet u b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb momentin kur web-faqja \u201cT\u00eb gjith\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb ftuar\u201d (Everyone\u2019s invited) u p\u00ebrmbys nga raportimet e shumta q\u00eb ndodh\u00ebn dit\u00ebt e fundit. Kjo platform\u00eb u lansua pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb hapsir\u00eb student\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb raportuar ngacmimet dhe abuzimet seksuale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Shumica e vajzave q\u00eb raportuan, gjithashtu k\u00ebrkuan nga drejtuesit e shkollave q\u00eb t\u00eb flitet hapur p\u00ebr ngacmimet seksuale dhe pabarazin\u00eb gjinore, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, deputet\u00ebt kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb thirrje p\u00ebr t\u00eb hetuar rastet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Megjithat\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb argument tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb po qarkullon q\u00eb thot\u00eb se \u00e7\u00ebshtja nuk q\u00ebndron tek nj\u00eb kultur\u00eb e pash\u00ebndetshme seksuale, por tek ekspozimi i adoleshent\u00ebve n\u00eb materiale eksplicite dhe pornografike. P\u00ebrderisa hetuesit jan\u00eb duke i hetuar k\u00ebto \u00e7\u00ebshtje, ne kemi shqyrtuar \u00e7\u00ebshtjet si kultur\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdhunimit dhe ekspozimin ndaj materialeve eksplicite n\u00eb internet dhe m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si ndikojn\u00eb k\u00ebto n\u00eb sjelljet destruktive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Protestat e student\u00ebve kund\u00ebr dhun\u00ebs seksuale tregojn\u00eb faktin se sa urgjente \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrja e shkollave p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje. Jeta e t\u00eb rinj\u00ebve si n\u00eb rrjete sociale ashtu edhe jasht\u00eb tyre, \u00ebsht\u00eb e pandashme dhe prandaj \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb edukimi seksual t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia t\u00eb shtohet jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb platforma dixhitale, por edhe jasht\u00eb rrjetit t\u00eb internetit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cKultura e p\u00ebrdhunimit\u201d dhe jeta e p\u00ebrditshme e adoleshent\u00ebve<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Kultura e p\u00ebrdhunimit \u201cfal\u00eb, justifikon, toleron dhe normalizon\u201d dhun\u00ebn seksuale. Megjith\u00ebse, feministet iu kan\u00eb referuar kultur\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrdhunimit q\u00eb nga viti 1970, shumica jan\u00eb lidhur m\u00eb shum\u00eb me termin pas konceptit dhe l\u00ebvizjes #MeToo (#EdheUn\u00eb). Gjegj\u00ebsisht, pasiq\u00eb i ka ndihmuar njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb toksicitetin e sjelljeve seksuale dhe se si ato sjellje ve\u00e7 se jan\u00eb normalizuar n\u00eb shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb e gjer\u00eb dhe n\u00eb shum\u00eb shkolla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u00ebr t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb, kultura e p\u00ebrdhunimit \u00ebsht\u00eb, p\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq, pjes\u00eb e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme dhe vazhdon t\u00eb jet\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb e pranishme n\u00eb internet. Si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb th\u00ebne n\u00eb \u201cEveryone\u2019s Invited\u201d (t\u00eb gjith\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb ftuar), shumica e vajzave detyrohen q\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb foto nudo t\u00eb tyre. Ato jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb ngacmohen nga partner\u00ebt dhe bashkmoshatar\u00ebt p\u00ebr d\u00ebrgimin e k\u00ebtyre fotove, por gjithashtu ato edhe pranojn\u00eb foto t\u00eb tilla nga ta. Disa shembuj t\u00eb tjer\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb raste kur vajzat marrin mesazhe t\u00eb pad\u00ebshiruara seksuale p\u00ebrmes platformave t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sondazhi yn\u00eb i zhvilluar n\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar me 336 t\u00eb rinj n\u00eb vitin 2020 zbuloi se 32 p\u00ebrqind e vajzave than\u00eb se kishin marr\u00eb foto t\u00eb pad\u00ebshiruar intime t\u00eb organit gjenital nga meshkujt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Megjith\u00ebse pornografia n\u00eb internet mundet q\u00eb ta p\u00ebrjet\u00ebsoj \u201ckultur\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdhunimit\u201d, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb tendencave p\u00ebr t\u00eb promovuar narrativ\u00eb t\u00eb demshme si skenare t\u00eb p\u00ebrdhunimit apo skenare seksiste, \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e leht\u00eb q\u00eb barra ti kaloj si shkaktar kryesor i problematik\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Edukimi seksual \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb. Qeveria ka p\u00ebrditsuar manualet p\u00ebr edukimin seksual n\u00eb kurrikul\u00ebn e re n\u00eb Angli. Kjo kurrikul\u00eb inkurajon shkollat q\u00eb t\u00eb inkuadrojn\u00eb tek f\u00ebmij\u00ebt edukimin seksual, duke shtuar kujdes t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb ndikimin negativ t\u00eb ekspozimit ndaj pornografis\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Por si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur, aty nuk p\u00ebrfshihet asnj\u00eb k\u00ebshill\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar m\u00ebsuesit t\u00eb trajtojn\u00eb k\u00ebto tema ose informacione se pse \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme ta b\u00ebsh k\u00ebt\u00eb. N\u00eb vend q\u00eb vet\u00ebm t\u00eb ndalojn\u00eb pornografin\u00eb n\u00eb internet, t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr edukim n\u00eb lidhje me p\u00eblqimin seksual n\u00eb internet dhe jet\u00ebn jasht\u00eb internetit q\u00eb nga mosha e hershme n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb ata t\u00eb ken\u00eb mjetet dhe q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb menaxhuar dinamikat dhe skenar\u00ebt seksual\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Qeveria gjithashtu duhet t\u00eb investoj\u00eb n\u00eb edukimin seksual q\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrohet n\u00eb barazin\u00eb gjinore. Nj\u00eb fillim i mbar\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb me udh\u00ebzimin e fundit t\u00eb K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Bashkuar p\u00ebr Sigurin\u00eb n\u00eb Internet mbi “ndarjen e fotove nudo dhe gjysm\u00eb nudo”, i cili pranon se sa e p\u00ebrhapur \u00ebsht\u00eb ndarja e fotografive intime midis t\u00eb rinjve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u00ebse politika qeveritare do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t’i jap\u00eb p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve dhe edukimit seksual, kurrikula e re duhet t\u00eb trajtoj\u00eb disa \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si tekstet shkollore duhet t\u00eb trajtojn\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e dhun\u00ebs seksuale. Ve\u00e7mas, p\u00ebr t\u00eb dekurajuar kultur\u00ebn e heshtjes, gjithashtu duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet rishikimi i shkollave ku nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit kan\u00eb fshehur abuzimin seksual. \u00c7do p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb adresuar k\u00ebto \u00e7\u00ebshtje duhet t\u00eb shtjellohet me konstruktivitet e jo t\u00eb konsiderohen si k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Si hulumtues dhe organizat\u00eb p\u00ebr edukim seksual, ne kemi punuar ngusht\u00eb me mbrojt\u00ebsit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb edukator\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr ofrimin e siguris\u00eb s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb shkollave t\u00eb mesme, qoft\u00eb n\u00eb internet ose jasht tij. Ata kan\u00eb shfaqur d\u00ebshir\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur m\u00ebnyra konstruktive p\u00ebr tu p\u00ebrballur me problemin e abuzimit seksual bazuar n\u00eb imazhe, p\u00ebrmes student\u00ebve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pa ndonj\u00eb plan specifik se si t\u00eb p\u00ebrball\u00ebn me ngacmime seksuale n\u00eb internet, k\u00ebta edukator\u00eb u detyruan q\u00eb t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb udh\u00ebzues pjes\u00eb-pjes\u00eb ekzistuese t\u00eb e-siguris\u00eb apo anti-ngacmimeve, p\u00ebr tu p\u00ebrballur me incidente komplekse q\u00eb ndodhnin mes nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve. Prandaj ne kemi zhvilluar nj\u00eb udh\u00ebzues p\u00ebr ngacmimet seksuale q\u00eb ndodhin n\u00eb internet p\u00ebr t\u2019iu ofruar ndihm\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Edukimi seksual n\u00eb epok\u00ebn digjitale<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u00eb pun\u00ebn q\u00eb ne b\u00ebjm\u00eb me t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb dhe organizat\u00ebn e bamir\u00ebsis\u00eb t\u00eb edukimit seksual, School of Sexuality Education (SSE), ne avokojm\u00eb p\u00ebr shkrimet digjitale si \u201cshtylla e kat\u00ebrt e arsimit, krahas shkrimit, leximit dhe matematik\u00ebs\u201d. Megjith\u00ebse t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb konsiderohen \u201ct\u00eb lindurit n\u00eb epok\u00ebn digjitale\u201d, ata p\u00ebrs\u00ebri kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr trajnime p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur rrjetet e ndryshme n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt, meqen\u00ebse platformat dhe teknologjia po avancohet \u00e7do dit\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nga rezultatet e hulumtimeve tona, ne kemi ardhur n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim se shum\u00eb m\u00ebsues e kan\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb rrin\u00eb t\u00eb informuar p\u00ebrkrah teknologjis\u00eb, shumica prej tyre kan\u00eb d\u00ebgjuar p\u00ebr platformat q\u00eb t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin, por nuk e din\u00eb se si funksionojn\u00eb ato dhe pse disa prej tyre jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikshme se tjerat. P.sh ata nuk jan mjaftush\u00ebm t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm se SnapChat, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00ebra nga platformat m\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikshme p\u00ebr sulm kibernetik, duke u bazuar n\u00eb sondazhin ton\u00eb \u201cStaying safe online\u201d, q\u00eb zbulon se 62 p\u00ebrqind e materialeve seksuale t\u00eb pad\u00ebshiruara apo pa leje, jan\u00eb marr\u00eb aty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Adoleshent\u00ebt kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u informuar dhe zhveshur nga pritshm\u00ebrit\u00eb gjinore dhe standardet e dyfishta. Identifikimi se kush \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb leht i\/e targetuar me nocionet si \u201ckurv\u00ebri\u201d (slut-shaming) \u2013 kur njer\u00ebzit, p\u00ebrkatesisht vajzat\/grat\u00eb, kritikohen p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrfaqjen e tyre tep\u00ebr seksuale – u jep njerzve nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se si i p\u00ebrkrahin njer\u00ebzit pabarazit\u00eb ekzistuese. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb krejt \u00e7ka nevojitet p\u00ebr t\u2019ia ndryshuar dikujt sjelljen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u00ebto diskutime duhet t\u00eb zhvillohen n\u00eb ambiente t\u00eb sigurta p\u00ebr t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb, ku ata mund t\u00eb pyesin lirsh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb mos gjykohen. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb kritike, mesazhet pozitive q\u00eb ne m\u00ebsojm\u00eb n\u00eb klas\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jehojn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha shkollat, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb rimendimin se si t\u00eb drejtat dhe p\u00eblqimi i f\u00ebmij\u00ebve mund t\u00eb promovohen n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e p\u00ebrditshme dhe se \u00e7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnoj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrparim. K\u00ebto forma t\u00eb arsimit nuk jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm jetike p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e sotme, por jan\u00eb rrug\u00eb drejt rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjes n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n