Hulumtimi i Rebecca Hall na m\u00ebson se pavar\u00ebsisht nga tregimet dominuese, grat\u00eb megjithat\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira fuqish\u00ebm n\u00eb revoltat e skllev\u00ebrve. K\u00ebto gjetje dokumentohen n\u00eb romanin e saj grafik \u201cWake\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kur Rebecca Hall filloi t\u00eb hulumtonte rolet e grave t\u00eb rob\u00ebruara afrikane n\u00eb udh\u00ebheqjen e revoltave kund\u00ebr skllavopronar\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre ajo po studionte p\u00ebr doktorat\u00ebn n\u00eb histori n\u00eb Universitetin e Kalifornis\u00eb, Santa Cruz n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb viteve 2000, me \u00e7\u2019rast ajo gjeti nj\u00eb argument t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur n\u00eb shum\u00eb prej burimeve t\u00eb literatur\u00ebs q\u00eb ajo p\u00ebrdorte: Grat\u00eb e skllav\u00ebruara nuk u revoltuan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ky rr\u00ebfim vazhdoi t\u00eb qarkullonte mes historian\u00ebve edhe pse provat v\u00ebrtetuan se ishte i rrem\u00eb. N\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur Hall po realizonte hulumtimin e saj, nj\u00eb grup historian\u00ebsh analizuan m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 27,000 udh\u00ebtime t\u00eb skllev\u00ebrve me anije q\u00eb u b\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb shekujve dhe zbuluan se kishte pasur kryengritje t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn n\u00eb 1 nga 10 udh\u00ebtimet q\u00eb ata analizuan dhe se ato kishin t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb ndodhnin kur grat\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb rob\u00ebruara ndodheshin n\u00eb anije.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Por, studiuesit vun\u00eb n\u00eb dyshim gjetjet e tyre n\u00eb lidhje me rolin q\u00eb grat\u00eb luajt\u00ebn n\u00eb kryengritje, duke i quajtur ato n\u00eb dokumentet historike si \u201ckund\u00ebr-intuitive\u201d dhe duke v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dukje se \u201cgrat\u00eb rrall\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden si udh\u00ebheq\u00ebse t\u00eb rezistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb dhunshme.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hulumtimi i Hall nxori nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim ndryshe: \u201cUn\u00eb po gjeja gra n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha burimet e literatur\u00ebs\u201d, tha ajo. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Me romanin grafik debutues t\u00eb saj \u201cWake: The Hidden History of Women-Led Slave Revolts\u201d, ilustruar nga Hugo Mart\u00ednez i cili u botua n\u00eb qershor, Hall ka p\u00ebrkthyer k\u00ebrkimin e saj akademik n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjet q\u00eb synonte t\u00eb arrinte masat. Ajo ringjall\u00eb historit\u00eb e grave t\u00eb rob\u00ebruara, rezistenca e t\u00eb cilave \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtuar prej koh\u00ebsh nga historia, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb frym\u00ebzoj\u00eb aktivist\u00ebt t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb dit\u00ebt e sotme luftojn\u00eb kund\u00ebr racizmit t\u00eb zezak\u00ebve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cKur krijon nj\u00eb situat\u00eb ku fshihet historia e nj\u00eb populli, at\u00ebher\u00eb kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb ekstreme e dhun\u00ebs\u201d, tha Hall. \u201cAjo histori e rezistenc\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim p\u00ebr rendin politik ekzistues dhe k\u00ebshtu ajo duhet t\u00eb rinjihet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aktive.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Libri tregon historit\u00eb e m\u00ebparshme t\u00eb pa treguara t\u00eb grave q\u00eb kan\u00eb drejtuar kryengritjet e skllev\u00ebrve t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb ndodhur n\u00eb fshatrat e Afrik\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore para se njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb rr\u00ebmbeheshin dhe t\u00eb skllav\u00ebroheshin n\u00eb anijet e skllev\u00ebrve q\u00eb udh\u00ebtonin nga Afrika n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb dhe m\u00eb pas n\u00eb plantacionet e Amerik\u00ebs, tha Hall. K\u00ebto kryengritje p\u00ebrfshinin luft\u00eb fizike n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat njer\u00ebzit e skllav\u00ebruar ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb vrisnin skllavopronar\u00ebt e tyre si dhe forma t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb rezistenc\u00ebs ku rastiste q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit hidheshin nga anijet e skllev\u00ebrve p\u00ebr tu mbytur para se anijet t\u00eb arrinin n\u00eb tok\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb anijet e skllev\u00ebrve, grat\u00eb e rob\u00ebruara mbaheshin \u201ckryesisht t\u00eb palidhura n\u00eb kuvert\u00eb pran\u00eb arm\u00ebve\u201d, shkruan Hall n\u00eb \u201cWake\u201d. Derisa kjo af\u00ebrsi me ekuipazhin e b\u00ebnte t\u00eb mundur abuzimin seksual, poashtu u krijoi mund\u00ebsin\u00eb grave q\u00eb t\u00eb fillonin kryengritje. Hall thot\u00eb se \u201cekuipazhet e anijeve t\u00eb skllev\u00ebrve mbet\u00ebn t\u00eb pav\u00ebmendsh\u00ebm ndaj agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb grave t\u00eb rob\u00ebruara\u201d, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat ata nuk besonin se do t\u00eb luftonin kund\u00ebr skllav\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb tyre. Por \u201cgrat\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn mobilitetin e tyre relativ dhe qasjen n\u00eb arm\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb planifikuar dhe iniciuar kryengritje pas kryengritje\u201d, tha Hall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Grat\u00eb e rob\u00ebruara poashtu u rezistuan skllavopronar\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb rasti i revolt\u00ebs n\u00eb vitin 1708 n\u00eb Queens, New York, ku nj\u00eb grua dhe burr\u00eb t\u00eb cilit ishin t\u00eb rob\u00ebruar vran\u00eb skllavopronarin dhe familjen e tij, nj\u00eb histori t\u00eb cil\u00ebn Hall e rr\u00ebfen n\u00eb \u201cWake\u201d. Por p\u00ebr shkak se nj\u00eb grua e udh\u00ebhoqi k\u00ebt\u00eb rezistenc\u00eb, incidenti nuk ishte klasifikuar historikisht si nj\u00eb revolt\u00eb kund\u00ebr skllav\u00ebrimit dhe \u201cHistorian\u00ebt n\u00eb momentin q\u00eb kan\u00eb lexuar \u201cgrua\u201d dhe \u201cka vrar\u00eb skllavopronarin e saj\u201d menj\u00ebher\u00eb e kan\u00eb zhvler\u00ebsuar aktin duke e kategorizuar vet\u00ebm si nj\u00eb lloj dhune individuale n\u00eb familje\u201d, shkruan Hall, duke v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dukje se karakteristika t\u00eb tilla mb\u00ebshteten n\u00eb stereotipet e bazuara n\u00eb gjini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cWake\u201d poashtu i p\u00ebrfshin lexuesit n\u00eb procesin k\u00ebrkimor t\u00eb Hall, duke nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb pah sfidat me t\u00eb cilat ajo u p\u00ebrball si nj\u00eb grua e zez\u00eb e cila po nxirrte n\u00eb drit\u00eb k\u00ebto histori t\u00eb fjetura. Disa nga sfidat ishin logjistike: Nj\u00eb kompani e bllokoi Hall q\u00eb t\u00eb mos kishte qasje n\u00eb dokumentet historike p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur t\u00eb fshehur p\u00ebrfshirjen e kompanis\u00eb n\u00eb tregtin\u00eb e skllev\u00ebrve. Sfidat e tjera ishin emocionale, pasi q\u00eb Hall e detyroi veten t\u00eb p\u00ebrballet me \u201cdisa nga materialet m\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese q\u00eb nj\u00eb historiani t\u00eb skllav\u00ebris\u00eb i duhet ti mendoj\u00eb\u201d, shkruan ajo, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb regjistrimet e anijeve t\u00eb skllev\u00ebrve q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb kronik\u00ebn p\u00ebr vdekjet e p\u00ebrditshme t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve dhe t\u00eb rriturve t\u00eb rob\u00ebruar t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk kishin em\u00ebr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebrfshirja e p\u00ebrgjigjeve emocionale t\u00eb saj ndaj historive q\u00eb zbuloi ishte vendimtare p\u00ebr rr\u00ebfimin e Hall. \u201cM\u00eb duhej t\u00eb tregoja t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn time n\u00eb lidhje me procesin e k\u00ebrkimit dhe sa i dhimbsh\u00ebm dhe i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb ishte\u201d, tha ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hall mblodhi forcat p\u00ebr tejkaluar pik\u00ebllimin e saj dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar k\u00ebrkimin duke kujtuar trash\u00ebgimin\u00eb e gjyshes s\u00eb saj, Harriet Thorpe, e cila lindi e rob\u00ebruar dhe historia e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs shfaqet n\u00eb \u201cWake\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cFakti q\u00eb ajo ishte n\u00eb gjendje ti mbijetonte skllav\u00ebris\u00eb apo q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit ishin n\u00eb gjendje ti mbijetonin skllav\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, m\u00eb b\u00ebri t\u00eb ndihem sikur t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn mund t\u00eb hulumtoj mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb\u201d, tha Hall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lidhja mes t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb tashmes \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga gj\u00ebrat e shumta q\u00eb shfaqen p\u00ebrmes ilustrimeve t\u00eb Mart\u00ednez, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb vizatime t\u00eb qytetit t\u00eb sot\u00ebm t\u00eb New York n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin Hall kreu pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb studimeve t\u00eb saj, s\u00eb bashku me skicat e njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb rob\u00ebruar t\u00eb lidhur me zinxhir\u00eb duke ecur n\u00ebp\u00ebr rrug\u00eb shekuj m\u00eb her\u00ebt. Sipas The New York Times, n\u00eb shekullin XVII dhe XVIII, qyteti i New York ishte zona m\u00eb e madhe urbane q\u00eb kishte popullsi t\u00eb skllav\u00ebruar n\u00eb kontinentin e Amerik\u00ebs s\u00eb Veriut. N\u00eb 1712, nj\u00eb grup njer\u00ebzish t\u00eb skllav\u00ebruar n\u00eb qytet organizuan nj\u00eb kryengritje e cila p\u00ebrfshinte t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn kat\u00ebr gra t\u00eb rob\u00ebruara: Sarah, Abigail, Lily dhe Amba. K\u00ebt\u00eb histori Hall e shp\u00ebrfaq n\u00eb \u201cWake\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hall tha se historit\u00eb e m\u00ebhershme t\u00eb pa treguara t\u00eb rezistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb grave t\u00eb rob\u00ebruara, t\u00eb cilat shoq\u00ebrohen me shembuj se si vazhdojn\u00eb trash\u00ebgimit\u00eb e skllav\u00ebris\u00eb, u tregojn\u00eb lexuesve fuqin\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e kund\u00ebrshtimit t\u00eb shtypjes bashk\u00ebkohore: \u201cKjo njohuri mund ti fuqizoj\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb se ne mund t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb ndryshimin q\u00eb na nevojitet.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
E p\u00ebrktheu: Greta Avdyli<\/p>\n\n\n\n