P\u00ebr shekuj me radh\u00eb studiuesit jan\u00eb angazhuar me \u2018fitimtar\u00ebt\u2019 e historis\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt zakonisht ishin burra. Tani, brez i ri po zgjeron tablon p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb jet\u00ebn e shumic\u00ebs prej nesh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00ebnyra se si “b\u00ebjm\u00eb” histori po ndryshon. P\u00ebr shekuj me radh\u00eb historian\u00ebt kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebrkime mbi pakic\u00ebn, t\u00eb privilegjuarit, “fitimtar\u00ebt”. Por, p\u00ebrderisa miliona njer\u00ebz shikojn\u00eb serit\u00eb televizive t\u00eb dokumentar\u00ebve \u201cA House Through Time\u201d dhe \u201cWho Do You Think You Are?\u201d, historit\u00eb sociale dhe alternative (p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb historin\u00eb e grave) q\u00eb jan\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00ebnjan\u00eb, po sjellin risi n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si ne p\u00ebrfshihemi me t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn. Ne nuk mund t\u00eb jemi ajo q\u00eb nuk e shohim, dhe shum\u00eb prej nesh jan\u00eb duke k\u00ebrkuar p\u00ebr aspekte t\u00eb vetvetes n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn. Historia po b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb tem\u00eb m\u00eb e pasur, tani njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb jan\u00eb injoruar ose jan\u00eb fshir\u00eb nga historia po rikthehen. Nj\u00eb historian mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb detektiv q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon histori njer\u00ebzore nga e kaluara, pra nuk ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb vet\u00ebm me data dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Historian\u00ebt kan\u00eb pun\u00eb me dokumente dhe artefakte. Por ata gjithashtu k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb njer\u00ebz nga e kaluara p\u00ebrmes fjal\u00ebve, ritualeve, k\u00ebng\u00ebve, veprave artistike, nd\u00ebrtesave dhe muzik\u00ebs q\u00eb k\u00ebta njer\u00ebz kan\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb pas. K\u00ebrkimi i grave t\u00eb humbura k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm mjetesh dhe teknikash. Sot, ne t\u00eb gjith\u00eb mund t\u00eb kemi qasje n\u00eb arkiva, t\u00eb ekzaminojm\u00eb ADN-n\u00eb ton\u00eb, t\u00eb gjurmojm\u00eb gjenealogjit\u00eb tona dhe t\u00eb hulumtojm\u00eb globalisht me nj\u00eb klikim t\u00eb mausit. P\u00ebrparimet n\u00eb arkeologji, me ndihm\u00ebn e teknologjis\u00eb dhe shkenc\u00ebs, po na sjellin nj\u00eb grumbull t\u00eb pasur dhe t\u00eb plot\u00eb njer\u00ebzish q\u00eb kan\u00eb jetuar para nesh. Grat\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb globit. K\u00ebshtu, ne kemi mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn n\u00ebse fokusohemi tek grat\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kur po shkruaja Femina-n doja t\u00eb tregoja nj\u00eb version t\u00eb bot\u00ebs mesjetare q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb po aq e pasur dhe e larmishme sa e tashmja, plot me personazhe magjeps\u00ebs q\u00eb sfidojn\u00eb supozimet. K\u00ebto personazhe nuk jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00ebna dhe gra, k\u00ebto gra mesjetare jan\u00eb spiune, shkrimtare, shkenc\u00ebtare, sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebse dhe luft\u00ebtare \u2013 t\u00eb gjitha fjal\u00ebt q\u00eb zakonisht iu atribuohen burrave. Qasja ime vendos korniz\u00ebn mbi grat\u00eb e humbura, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ekspozohen shoq\u00ebri m\u00eb t\u00eb gjera dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr v\u00ebmendjen p\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb gjithashtu jan\u00eb anashkaluar. M\u00eb posht\u00eb jan\u00eb listuar 10 libra q\u00eb kan\u00eb shtyr\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e historis\u00eb si disiplin\u00eb dhe i kan\u00eb rikthyer grat\u00eb n\u00eb brendi t\u00eb shkrimeve:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. The Five: The Untold Lives of the Women Killed by Jack the Ripper, shkruar nga Hallie Rubenhold<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ky lib\u00ebr ka kontribuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb se \u00e7do lib\u00ebr tjet\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket historis\u00eb s\u00eb grave. Hallie nuk e fetishizon vras\u00ebsin, por paraqet historit\u00eb e viktimave. Duke i thelluar lexuesit n\u00eb kushtet sociale q\u00eb p\u00ebrjetuan grat\u00eb, t\u00eb pestat prej tyre kan\u00eb kontekste t\u00eb tjera sesa thjesht t\u00eb portretizohen ve\u00e7 si “prostituta”. Ky lib\u00ebr ka ndikuar edhe n\u00eb zhanrin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb krimit, ku m\u00eb shum\u00eb shkrimtar\u00eb po fokusohen te viktimat dhe jo te autor\u00ebt e krimit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. River Kings: The Vikings from Scandinavia to the Silk Roads, shkruar nga Cat Jarman<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Arkeologjia ka qen\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb shumic\u00ebs dhe jo e kund\u00ebrta, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb partneri i natyrsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr qasje historike m\u00eb gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse. \u00cbsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb supozohet se t\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00eb mesjet\u00eb, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht grat\u00eb, jetuan dhe vdiq\u00ebn n\u00eb sy t\u00eb kish\u00ebs s\u00eb famullis\u00eb lokale t\u00eb tyre. Si\u00e7 zbulon ky lib\u00ebr, shum\u00eb prej tyre udh\u00ebtuan n\u00eb distanca t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe u p\u00ebrfshin\u00eb me kultura t\u00eb tjera mij\u00ebra milje larg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. Medieval Women: Village Life in the Middle Ages, shkruar nga Ann Baer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Shumica e njer\u00ebzve zgjedhin nj\u00eb sundimtar apo nj\u00eb person t\u00eb pasur kur pyeten se me cilin person historik do t\u00eb donin t\u00eb identifikoheshin. Megjithat\u00eb, shumica prej nesh do t\u00eb kishin jetuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb si ajo e protagonistes s\u00eb k\u00ebtij libri – Marion. Duke lexuar p\u00ebr historin\u00eb e nj\u00eb gruaje t\u00eb varf\u00ebr p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb nj\u00eb viti, lexuesi fiton njohuri p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje m\u00eb t\u00eb gjera, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb fatkeq\u00ebsit\u00eb natyrore dhe murtaj\u00ebn. Megjithat\u00eb, jan\u00eb momentet thuajse t\u00eb rast\u00ebsishme q\u00eb i japin pamje reale jet\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn mesjetare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4. The Voices of N\u00eemes: Women, Sex and Marriage in Reformation Languedoc, shkruar nga Suzannah Lipscomb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ky lib\u00ebr duhet lexuar nga kushdo q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon me ngulm z\u00ebrin e pakapsh\u00ebm fem\u00ebror n\u00eb histori, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fakt fatkeq p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin shkruhet shum\u00eb, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb shp\u00ebrfaqen qasjet e tyre. Duke pla\u00e7kitur t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e konsistor\u00ebve – ose “gjykatave morale” – t\u00eb kish\u00ebs Huguenote t\u00eb Languedoc midis 1561 dhe 1615, ky lib\u00ebr bashkon pjes\u00ebt e enigm\u00ebs dhe zbulon se si grat\u00eb mesjetare e kuptonin miq\u00ebsin\u00eb, spiritualitetin dhe fuqin\u00eb feminine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5. Death in Ten Minutes: The Forgotten Life of Radical Suffragette Kitty Marion, shkruar nga Fern Riddell<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Vdekja e sufragjentes Emily Wilding Davison n\u00eb Epsom Derby n\u00eb 1913 \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb e njohur. Ajo ishte nj\u00eb grua magjeps\u00ebse q\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqej p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejta t\u00eb barabarta, megjithat\u00eb ishte “Death in Ten Minutes” q\u00eb m\u00eb tregoi v\u00ebrtet se sa radikale ishin veprimet e votuesve t\u00eb hersh\u00ebm. Ky lib\u00ebr zbulon aktet e rrezikshme q\u00eb grat\u00eb kryenin n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb d\u00ebshp\u00ebruara p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar vot\u00ebn. Duke pla\u00e7kitur ditar\u00ebt e Kitit, Riddell e ka v\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb grua n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb rr\u00ebfimit t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 6. Medieval Women: Social History of Women in England 450-1500, shkruar nga Henrietta Leyser<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Tani \u00ebsht\u00eb koha e historianit social. Ne duam t\u00eb dim\u00eb se kush ka ecur n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ecim ne, \u00e7far\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrjetuar dhe si kan\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb gjurm\u00eb n\u00eb histori. Ky lib\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb i pashembullt n\u00eb gjer\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij \u2013 duke u shtrir\u00eb nd\u00ebr shekuj dhe duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha llojet e provave nga poezia deri te depozitat e fshehta. Leyser merret me gra individualisht t\u00eb shquara, si Alice de la Pole dhe Julian nga Norwich, por i p\u00ebrdor ato p\u00ebr t\u00eb eksploruar \u00e7\u00ebshtje m\u00eb t\u00eb gjera q\u00eb prek\u00ebn jet\u00ebn e grave, si tregtia, puna dhe arsimi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 7. The Taxidermist\u2019s Daughter, shkruar nga Kate Mosse<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Fiksioni historik ishte m\u00ebnyra kryesore q\u00eb un\u00eb u lidha me tregimet e grave nga e kaluara kur isha e re, dhe Mosse \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb krye t\u00eb zhanrit. I dua t\u00eb gjith\u00eb librat e saj, por ky \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i fuqishmi p\u00ebr mua p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs se si ajo e pozicionon protagonisten e saj Constantia brenda nj\u00eb fshati kompleks dhe t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm t\u00eb Sussex m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb shekull m\u00eb par\u00eb. Ju mund t\u00eb shihni, nuhatni, prekni dhe shijoni t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn. Sfondi i taksidermis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu magjeps\u00ebs, pasi \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb arti q\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb kap\u00eb koh\u00ebn dhe t\u00eb ruaj\u00eb jet\u00ebn pas vdekjes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 8. The Book of Memory: A Study of Memory in Medieval Culture, shkruar nga Mary Carruthers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Sot ne priremi ta konsiderojm\u00eb veten t\u00eb p\u00ebrparuar intelektualisht p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb zhvillimeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb shkenc\u00eb dhe teknologji. Por ky lib\u00ebr tregon se sa t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyera ishin mendjet e bot\u00ebs mesjetare. N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet teknikave t\u00eb p\u00ebrsiatjes dhe meditimit, t\u00eb praktikuara nga burrat dhe grat\u00eb, kujtimet e atyre q\u00eb jetuan nj\u00eb mij\u00ebvje\u00e7ar m\u00eb par\u00eb ruajt\u00ebn sasi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha informacioni n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra q\u00eb mendjet tona moderne nuk mund t’i b\u00ebjn\u00eb, sepse ne varemi shum\u00eb nga shkrimi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 9. Valkyrie: The Women of the Viking World, shkruar nga J\u00f3hanna Katr\u00edn Fri\u00f0riksd\u00f3ttir<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ne nuk do ta konsideronim t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruanim se si \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb jesh gjall\u00eb sot bazuar thjesht n\u00eb lajme. Ne do ta personalizonim dhe do ta mbushnim qasjen ton\u00eb me muzik\u00eb, film, ushqim, mod\u00eb dhe shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra t\u00eb tjera. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo q\u00eb nj\u00eb historian nd\u00ebrdisiplinor p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb – t\u00eb sjell\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb duke kombinuar t\u00eb gjitha llojet e provave. Valkyrie p\u00ebrfshin poezin\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr norvegjeze s\u00eb bashku me gjetjet arkeologjike dhe gur\u00ebt e pikturuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar se si p\u00ebrvojat e jetuara t\u00eb grave n\u00eb bot\u00ebn vikinge ishin t\u00eb ndryshme dhe magjeps\u00ebse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 10. The Book of Margery Kempe, redaktuar nga Barry Windeat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Fjala e fundit duhet t’i takoj\u00eb nj\u00eb gruaje nga historia. Ky lib\u00ebr ka mbijetuar krejt rast\u00ebsisht, nj\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrim mesjetar i varrosur n\u00eb nj\u00eb dollap dhe i ri-zbuluar n\u00eb vitet 1930. \u00cbsht\u00eb autobiografia m\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr e mbijetuar n\u00eb anglisht, por fillimisht u anashkalua si rr\u00ebmuja e nj\u00eb “gruaje t\u00eb \u00e7mendur”. Megjithat\u00eb brenda faqeve t\u00eb tij shfaqet nj\u00eb person i shquar. Margery na tregon p\u00ebr problemet e pushimeve mesjetare, kujdesin p\u00ebr burrin e saj t\u00eb s\u00ebmur\u00eb dhe sa shum\u00eb e d\u00ebshiron seksin. Teksti \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 600 vjet i vjet\u00ebr, por kur e lexoni, ndjeheni sikur Margery \u00ebsht\u00eb gjall\u00eb dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb ulur pran\u00eb jush.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Janina Ramirez<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n E p\u00ebrktheu: Greta Avdyli <\/p>\n\n\n\n Tekstin origjinal mund ta gjeni n\u00eb: https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/books\/2022\/aug\/10\/top-10-books-about-women-written-out-of-history-femina-janina-ramirez<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":4565,"template":"","class_list":["post-4564","lexo-post","type-lexo-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n