{"id":9993,"date":"2024-09-20T10:20:13","date_gmt":"2024-09-20T09:20:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qika.org\/?post_type=lexo-post&p=9993"},"modified":"2024-09-20T10:20:15","modified_gmt":"2024-09-20T09:20:15","slug":"nuk-eshte-pune-dashurie","status":"publish","type":"lexo-post","link":"https:\/\/qika.org\/en\/lexo-post\/nuk-eshte-pune-dashurie\/","title":{"rendered":"Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pun\u00eb dashurie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb intervist\u00eb, t\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb revist\u00ebn Public Seminar, n\u00eb Mars 2022, studiuesja dhe aktivistja Silvia Federici diskuton fushat\u00ebn \u201cPag\u00eb p\u00ebr pun\u00eb t\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb\u201d, e cila u shfaq n\u00eb vitet 1970-ta si nj\u00eb kritik\u00eb radikale e dinamik\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs kapitaliste, duke theksuar se puna n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi \u00ebsht\u00eb qendrore p\u00ebr prodhimin e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore t\u00eb kapitalizmit. Federici reflekton mbi ndikimin e fushat\u00ebs n\u00eb mendimin feminist, duke zbuluar se si ajo sfidoi nocionet tradicionale t\u00eb pun\u00ebs dhe vler\u00ebs ekonomike, duke theksuar r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e pun\u00ebve t\u00eb papaguara t\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb. Ajo gjithashtu i lidh k\u00ebto njohuri me problematikat aktuale, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsimin e pabarazive nga pandemia dhe implikimet m\u00eb t\u00eb gjera t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzimit kapitalist dhe pabarazit\u00eb e kujdesit sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Catrin Ashton:<\/strong> P\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb hasa n\u00eb pun\u00ebn tuaj n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment q\u00eb p\u00ebr mua personalisht ishte ideal: po q\u00ebndroja n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi p\u00ebr disa muaj tashm\u00eb me f\u00ebmij\u00eb t\u00eb posalindur, kur rastisa t\u00eb lexoj esen\u00eb e Maria Rosa Dalla Costa dhe Selma James \u201cFuqia e Grave dhe P\u00ebrmbysja e Komunitetit.\u201d Ajo q\u00eb m\u00eb b\u00ebri p\u00ebrshtypje ishte se sa pak kishte ndryshuar brenda 40 viteve. Isha rritur me konceptin e nj\u00eb feminizmi q\u00eb nuk dukej se vlente m\u00eb, tashm\u00eb q\u00eb kisha nj\u00eb foshnje. Puna ime p\u00ebrfshinte shum\u00eb udh\u00ebtime. U detyrova ta l\u00eb at\u00eb, dhe papritmas, e gjeta vet\u00ebn n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi pa transport, pa para.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ishte situat\u00eb e \u00e7uditshme ku e gjeta vet\u00ebn, krejt papritmas. M\u00eb pas filluam kampanj\u00ebn n\u00eb Uells, t\u00eb inspiruar nga Paga p\u00ebr Pun\u00eb Sht\u00ebpie (Wages for Housework). A mund t\u00eb jepni nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje t\u00eb fillimeve t\u00eb kampanj\u00ebs, dhe t\u00eb shpjegoni inspirimin prapa p\u00ebrfshirjes suaj?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Silvia Federici: <\/strong>Kampanja jon\u00eb filloi gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb hershme t\u00eb 1970-ta me gra nga vende t\u00eb ndryshme, kryesisht nga Italia dhe disa nga Anglia. At\u00ebkoh\u00eb isha n\u00eb SHBA, por vija nga Italia. Kampanja Pag\u00eb p\u00ebr Pun\u00eb t\u00eb Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb ndaj strategjive q\u00eb shum\u00eb feministe po organizonin, si rrug\u00eb drejt \u00e7lirimit t\u00eb grave. Trendi dominant brenda l\u00ebvizjes feministe at\u00ebkoh\u00eb vinte kryesisht nga nj\u00eb tradit\u00eb majtiste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb fakt, kishte dy trende: nj\u00eb nga feministet radikale, t\u00eb cilat identifikonin patriarkalizmin si shkaktar prapa sistemit shtyp\u00ebs t\u00eb grave, por asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk definuan qart\u00ebsisht se si kishte evoluar dominimi mashkullor p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb historis\u00eb (strategjia e feministeve radikale ishte zakonisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar hap\u00ebsira kulturore, t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb ishin kryesisht hap\u00ebsira t\u00eb grave); pastaj kishit feministet socialiste\/feministet Marksiste, t\u00eb cilat na thonin se rruga drejt \u00e7lirimit ishte marrja e pun\u00ebve me pag\u00eb dhe bashkimi me klas\u00ebn pun\u00ebtore, dhe q\u00eb problemi me grat\u00eb  – t\u00eb diskriminuara n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb gjinis\u00eb \u2013 rrjedhte nga kufizimi i grave n\u00eb pun\u00eb sht\u00ebpie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Argumenti ishte q\u00eb puna e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb nuk prodhon kurrfar\u00eb pasurie sociale, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb aktivitet prapambet\u00ebs, dhe q\u00eb n\u00eb fakt nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e organizimit kapitalist t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, dhe k\u00ebshtu, grat\u00eb t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira kryesisht me k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj pune, nuk kan\u00eb fuqin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burrat, p\u00ebr shembull, mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrprejn\u00eb pun\u00ebn e tyre. Ata mund t\u00eb shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb grev\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak se ata prodhojn\u00eb kapital, dhe k\u00ebshtu mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpresin rrjedh\u00ebn e kapitalit. K\u00ebshtu, argumenti, t\u00eb cilin e gjeni n\u00eb Marksin dhe Engelsin dhe n\u00eb gjith\u00eb tradit\u00ebn komuniste Marksiste, ishte se \u00e7lirimi i grave n\u00ebnkupton daljen, an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimin n\u00eb nj\u00eb sindikat\u00eb, dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb. Por un\u00eb vija nga nj\u00eb grup i feministeve t\u00eb cilat filluan t\u00eb analizojn\u00eb kushtet e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb grave \u2013 t\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb \u2013 dhe arrit\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb konkluzion t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ne konkluduam se puna e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e organizimit kapitalist t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Ajo q\u00eb \u201cprodhohet\u201d p\u00ebrmes pun\u00ebs s\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb jan\u00eb vet\u00eb pun\u00ebtoret.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, organizimi kapitalist i pun\u00ebs, si\u00e7 p\u00ebrshkruhet nga tradita majtiste, ishte nj\u00eb organizim shum\u00eb i pjessh\u00ebm, sepse ai njihte vet\u00ebm prodhimin dhe prodhimin nga puna me pag\u00eb, prodhimin industrial dhe pun\u00ebn n\u00eb zyr\u00eb. Ai njihte vet\u00ebm pun\u00ebn me pag\u00eb dhe prodhimin e mallrave. Asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk e njohu t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb e organizimit prapa prodhimit dhe pun\u00ebtorit\/es \u2013 prodhimin e kapacitetit p\u00ebr pun\u00eb. Pra, p\u00ebr ne, Kampanja Pag\u00eb p\u00ebr Pun\u00eb t\u00eb Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb kishte shum\u00eb kuptime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pik\u00eb s\u00eb pari, ajo e b\u00ebri t\u00eb dukshme q\u00eb kjo pun\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb aktivitet i natyrsh\u00ebm, di\u00e7ka q\u00eb grat\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb sepse jan\u00eb gra. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb mbetje e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb para-kapitaliste, por pun\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb qendrore p\u00ebr \u00e7do aktivitet, p\u00ebr \u00e7do aktivitet ekonomik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Edhe pse nuk ishte q\u00ebllimi i vet\u00ebm i kampanj\u00ebs, thirrja q\u00eb d\u00ebshironim pag\u00eb p\u00ebr pun\u00eb sht\u00ebpie \u2013 sistemi mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs, shtylla e \u00e7do aktiviteti ekonomik \u2013 sepse po punonim p\u00ebr pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt punonin pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt me pag\u00eb, ishte qendrore. Ishte strategji epistemike p\u00ebr t\u2019a b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme at\u00eb q\u00eb deri at\u00ebher\u00eb kishte mbetur e padukshme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Catrin Ashton: <\/strong>Ishte ky aspekt i kampanj\u00ebs q\u00eb p\u00ebr mua ishte shum\u00eb emocionues. Ai radikalizoi t\u00eb qenit n\u00ebn\u00eb apo t\u00eb q\u00ebndruarit n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi. I dhat\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj fuqie asaj pozite, dhe k\u00ebshtu u b\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb flisje rreth ndryshimit t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb nga aty, n\u00eb vend se t\u00eb detyroheshe t\u00eb l\u00ebshoje sht\u00ebpin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Silvia Federici:<\/strong> Po, sepse n\u00eb tradit\u00ebn majtiste, n\u00eb Partin\u00eb Komuniste dhe n\u00eb organizimin e grave n\u00eb t\u00eb majt\u00ebn, ato b\u00ebheshin pun\u00ebtore vet\u00ebm kur shkonin n\u00eb fabrik\u00eb, apo kur shkonin t\u00eb punonin jasht\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb. P\u00ebrndryshe, ato nuk konsideroheshin pun\u00ebtore, dhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb thuhet, sepse kjo n\u00ebnkuptonte q\u00eb ky organizim jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk njihte pun\u00ebn q\u00eb grat\u00eb b\u00ebnin, por edhe funksionin e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb n\u00eb prodhimin e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore. Ato kurr\u00eb nuk e pan\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb si nj\u00eb vend i betej\u00ebs. Beteja ishte p\u00ebr pun\u00eb me pag\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ato nuk kuptuan di\u00e7ka t\u00eb thell\u00eb rreth organizimit kapitalist t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, rreth akumulimit kapitalist si t\u00ebr\u00ebsi: duke mos par\u00eb pun\u00ebn e papaguar q\u00eb grat\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb, duke mos kuptuar q\u00eb e gjith\u00eb klasa kapitaliste, secili pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs q\u00eb ka eksploatuar at\u00eb pun\u00eb, ka p\u00ebrfituar duke e natyralizuar at\u00eb, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb duket si \u2018pun\u00eb e qejfit\u2019 dhe duke mos e njohur at\u00eb si pun\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Duke injoruar t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrqafuar \u2013 legjitimuar dhe p\u00ebrqafuar \u2013 k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimin kapitalist, por edhe kan\u00eb prezantuar nj\u00eb imazh t\u00eb shtremb\u00ebruar t\u00eb akumulimit kapitalist. Akumulimi kapitalist, n\u00eb pik\u00ebpamjen e tyre, ndodh n\u00eb fabrik\u00eb, n\u00eb zyr\u00eb, dhe p\u00ebrmes pun\u00ebs me pag\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ato nuk e shihnin q\u00eb paga organizon pun\u00ebn e komunitetit, organizon pun\u00ebn q\u00eb ndodh n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, dhe q\u00eb me k\u00ebto paga, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit pun\u00ebsojn\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\/e, por m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\/e: ata gjithashtu pun\u00ebsojn\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb cil\u00ebt riprodhojn\u00eb ata, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt riprodhojn\u00eb kapacitetin e tyre p\u00ebr pun\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ne kuptuam q\u00eb akumulimi kapitalist varet nga nj\u00eb sasi e jasht\u00ebzakonshme e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb papaguar, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb e gjer\u00eb se ajo q\u00eb tradita Marksiste socialiste kishte pranuar dhe njohur ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb. Ne gjithashtu pam\u00eb lidhjen mes seksizmit dhe racizmit. Kapitalizmi me pag\u00eb ka krijuar nj\u00eb hierarki t\u00eb pun\u00ebs me pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e paguar n\u00eb krye: kryesisht t\u00eb bardh\u00eb, kryesisht meshkuj. Pun\u00ebtoret e papaguara \u2013 grat\u00eb, pun\u00ebtoret e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb, dhe subjektet koloniale, natyrisht n\u00eb fund. Skllev\u00ebrit dhe skllav\u00ebria kan\u00eb pasur ndikim t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm n\u00eb akumulim t\u00eb kapitalit. Kur shikojm\u00eb diskriminimin e grave nga k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimi i riprodhimit, shohim nj\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr kapitalizmin si t\u00ebr\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Catrin Ashton:<\/strong> Lidhja q\u00eb ju b\u00ebni mes pun\u00ebs q\u00eb nj\u00eb grua b\u00ebn privatisht n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e saj dhe gjith\u00eb pun\u00ebn e papaguar t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb kudo, globalisht dhe historikisht, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ju e p\u00ebrshkruani si qendrore p\u00ebr kapitalizmin, \u00ebsht\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht inspiruese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Silvia Federici:<\/strong> Momentin kur kuptuam r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e asaj q\u00eb puna riprodhuese, at\u00eb q\u00eb puna sht\u00ebpis\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson n\u00eb pun\u00eb, n\u00eb procesin e akumulimit, at\u00ebher\u00eb filluam t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb edhe rolin e pag\u00ebs. Ne pam\u00eb q\u00eb paga nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb kompensim pune p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb, apo edhe si nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e nxjerrjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb pune t\u00eb papaguar nga dita e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebtorit me pag\u00eb. P\u00ebrkundrazi, paga \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e t\u00ebr\u00eb e organizimit t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e fshehjes s\u00eb fushave t\u00eb t\u00ebra t\u00eb eksploatimit duke p\u00ebrshkruar vet\u00ebm disa pun\u00ebtor\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar \u2013 vet\u00ebm pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt me pag\u00eb \u2013 si pun\u00ebtor\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kjo natyralizon dhe fsheh fusha t\u00eb t\u00ebra t\u00eb eksploatimit. Ne e dim\u00eb q\u00eb Marksi, p\u00ebr shembull, si abolicionist, i kishte shkruar Lincoln-it gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs Civile Amerikane rreth kampanj\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb bojkotuar tregtin\u00eb e pambukut p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzimit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb skllev\u00ebrve, edhe duke uruar at\u00eb p\u00ebr deklarat\u00ebn e emancipimit, por edhe duke kritikuar at\u00eb p\u00ebr mos-analizimin n\u00eb fakt t\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb skllev\u00ebrve si prodhues t\u00eb akumulimit kapitalist, n\u00eb tri v\u00ebllime t\u00eb t\u00ebra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka pasazhe aty k\u00ebtu, por p\u00ebr Marksin, terreni themelor i betej\u00ebs \u2013 puna industriale \u2013 ishte e n\u00ebn-p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuar. Marksi e shihte skllav\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn m\u00ebnyr\u00eb si\u00e7 e shihte pun\u00ebn e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb \u2013 si nj\u00eb lloj aktiviteti q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbetej prapa, si nj\u00eb gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb historikisht e prapambetur, e cila do t\u00eb tejkalohej p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb zhvillimi t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm kapitalist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por ne kemi par\u00eb q\u00eb kjo nuk ka qen\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb aspak. Heqja e skllav\u00ebris\u00eb ka qen\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb formale sesa reale. Ne kemi par\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, q\u00eb p\u00ebrmes procesit t\u00eb globalizimit, ekspansioni bot\u00ebror i kapitalit, nga vitet 1970 m\u00eb s\u00eb paku, ka \u00e7uar drejt nj\u00eb ekspansioni t\u00eb pun\u00ebs informale. Kjo ka shpir\u00eb n\u00eb zgjerim t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha llojeve t\u00eb aktiviteteve t\u00eb papaguara, t\u00eb aktiviteteve informale q\u00eb jan\u00eb jasht\u00eb relacionit t\u00eb pag\u00ebs. K\u00ebshtu, kur ne fol\u00ebm p\u00ebr pun\u00ebt e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb, k\u00ebt\u00eb e interpretuam si nj\u00eb prizm\u00eb, si nj\u00eb dritare p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb sistemin kapitalist, q\u00eb ishte shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr mua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mendoj q\u00eb puna q\u00eb kemi b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb vitet 1970-ta duke analizuar pun\u00ebt e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb, duke analizuar pag\u00ebn \u2013 ishte fundamentale p\u00ebr deshifrimin, interpretimin, dhe analizimin e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb procesit t\u00eb rikolonizimit q\u00eb ndodhi gjat\u00eb viteve 1980 dhe 1990 dhe ende vazhdon t\u00eb ndodh p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs Latine, Afrik\u00ebs, e ndikuar nga puna e FMN-s\u00eb, p\u00ebrshtatjeve strukturore, privatizimit, etj. Kjo m\u00eb ndihmoi jasht\u00ebzakonisht shum\u00eb me pun\u00ebn q\u00eb kishim b\u00ebr\u00eb sepse kuptuam r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e kapitalizmit n\u00eb relacion me pun\u00ebn e papaguar dhe me hierarkin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kapitalizmi \u00ebsht\u00eb prodhues i ndryshimeve. Zhvillimi kapitalist duhet vazhdimisht t\u00eb zhvilloj hierarki t\u00eb reja, ndarje t\u00eb reja. Ai gjithmon\u00eb i p\u00ebrgjigjet krizave t\u00eb veta p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb procesi masiv t\u00eb ekspropriimit, nj\u00eb procesi masiv t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtimit nga \u00e7far\u00ebdo forme e riprodhimit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kur Maria Rosa Dalla Costa thot\u00eb q\u00eb amvisja \u00ebsht\u00eb ikonike- e cila, natyrisht, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb deklarat\u00eb q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb cil\u00ebsohet \u2013 ka di\u00e7ka shum\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb k\u00ebtu. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb ikonike si figur\u00eb q\u00eb mish\u00ebron pun\u00ebtoren e papaguar. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe \u2018pun\u00ebtorja e papaguar\u2019 por edhe \u2018pun\u00ebtorja\u2019 e cila nuk njihet si e till\u00eb. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb figur\u00eb margjinale, e destinuar t\u00eb tejkalohet nga zhvillimi kapitalist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zgjerimi i kapitalizmit vet\u00ebm sa ka rritur pun\u00ebn e papaguar. Student\u00ebve n\u00eb SHBA, Evrop\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, u k\u00ebrkohet t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb shum\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb papaguar n\u00ebn pretendimin e fitimit t\u00eb aft\u00ebsive dhe p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebs. Ne dim\u00eb kompani t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nxjerrin njer\u00ebz nga puna p\u00ebr shkak q\u00eb universitetet u d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb atyre praktikant\u00eb t\u00eb papaguar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Catrin Ashton: <\/strong>N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr ides\u00eb q\u00eb grat\u00eb disi emancipohen nga pun\u00ebt e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak q\u00eb mund t\u00eb dalim t\u00eb punojm\u00eb n\u00ebse d\u00ebshirojm\u00eb, por edhe t\u00eb fitojm\u00eb paga t\u00eb larta n\u00eb disa raste, pandemia ka treguar q\u00eb grat\u00eb ende b\u00ebjn\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e pun\u00ebs n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pag\u00eb p\u00ebr Pun\u00eb t\u00eb Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb kampanj\u00eb p\u00ebr shum\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pag\u00eb. Mes gj\u00ebrash tjera, kampanja b\u00ebnte thirrje p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e grave mbi trupat e tyre. Kishte nj\u00eb kampanj\u00eb pro abortit, kampanja kund\u00ebr sterilizimit, dhe kampanja kund\u00ebr medikalizimit t\u00eb trupave t\u00eb grave. Thirrja ishte q\u00eb grat\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb trupat e tyre. Kishte gjithashtu nj\u00eb thirrje q\u00eb shteti t\u00eb ndalonte, p\u00ebr shembull, kontrollin e trupave t\u00eb grave p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrolluar lindjet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e madhe e stafit p\u00ebr kujdes sht\u00ebpiak vjen nga Evropa Jugore ose Lindore. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb zakonisht persona q\u00eb kan\u00eb tendenc\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb dyshuese ndaj vaksinimit kund\u00ebr COVID-19, por megjithat\u00eb, k\u00ebtu jan\u00eb, kryesisht gra, n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb n\u00ebn-paguara dhe u k\u00ebrkohet t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb di\u00e7ka n\u00eb trupat e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn jan\u00eb shum\u00eb hezituese t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mir\u00ebn e njer\u00ebzve. Ju keni shkruar se si kapitalizmi ka transformuar trupin n\u00eb nj\u00eb makin\u00eb pune, dhe ja k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull i makin\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb adaptuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb funksionoj \u2018m\u00eb mir\u00eb\u2019 n\u00eb nj\u00eb pandemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 v\u00ebnies n\u00eb pik\u00ebpyetje t\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb vendimeve \u2013 n\u00ebse reagimet ishte shum\u00eb t\u00eb shpejta apo t\u00eb ngadalta \u2013 nuk mendoj se ne n\u00eb t\u00eb majt\u00ebn kemi kritikuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb adekuate p\u00ebrgjigjen e qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb MB-s\u00eb ndaj pandemis\u00eb. A mendoni q\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebsaj krize, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e drejt\u00eb, apo mendoni q\u00eb, si Marksiste, si feministe, si aktiviste t\u00eb s\u00eb majt\u00ebs, ne duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb pyetje?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dhe, p\u00ebr t\u2019iu kthyer prap\u00eb pun\u00ebtoreve t\u00eb kujdesit sht\u00ebpiak, si p\u00ebrputhet kjo problematik\u00eb aktuale n\u00eb kontekstin m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb kontrollit shtet\u00ebror mbi trupat e grave t\u00eb klas\u00ebs pun\u00ebtore? A ekziston nj\u00eb pyetje mbi p\u00ebrgjigjet negative q\u00eb ato marrin n\u00ebse nuk i p\u00ebrmbahen k\u00ebtyre kontrolleve?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Silvia Federici:<\/strong> Po, ka shum\u00eb pyetje q\u00eb duhen b\u00ebr\u00eb. Por me lejoni t\u00eb ofroj pak kontekst s\u00eb pari.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kampanja Pag\u00eb p\u00ebr Pun\u00eb t\u00eb Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb edhe me \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e abortit. Ne ishim kritike, ashtu si\u00e7 ishin edhe shum\u00eb organizata t\u00eb grave me ngjyr\u00eb, p\u00ebr pozit\u00ebn ekskluzive q\u00eb l\u00ebvizja feministe mbante mbi abortin. Aborti n\u00ebnkuptonte t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjedhur, dhe ne tham\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjedhur, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrolluar kapacitetin ton\u00eb riprodhues, ne gjithashtu duhet t\u00eb luftojm\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur f\u00ebmij\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb SHBA, grave me ngjyr\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb u jan\u00eb mohuar t\u00eb drejtat e lehonis\u00eb. Kjo ka qen\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb q\u00eb nga koha e skllav\u00ebris\u00eb e deri tani. Kontrolli mbi trupat ton\u00eb ka dy aspekte: ne duam t\u00eb jemi t\u00eb lira t\u00eb vendosim t\u00eb mos kemi f\u00ebmij\u00eb, por gjithashtu duam t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn t\u00eb kemi f\u00ebmij\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur f\u00ebmij\u00eb, ekiston nj\u00eb betej\u00eb p\u00ebr resurset e nevojshme n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mos jemi t\u00eb varura nga nj\u00eb burr\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gjithashtu \u2013 dhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u2013 ne kemi par\u00eb se si p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb viteve grat\u00eb t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb dalur dhe kan\u00eb gjetur nj\u00eb pun\u00eb jasht\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb, me disa p\u00ebrjashtime, marrin pun\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikshme dhe t\u00eb n\u00ebn-paguara, pa ndonj\u00eb autonomi. N\u00eb SHBA, grat\u00eb e klas\u00ebs pun\u00ebtore kan\u00eb sasi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb borxhit, p\u00ebr shkak q\u00eb paga asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mjaftueshme: \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb fitohen 15 dollar\u00eb amerikan p\u00ebr or\u00eb; shumica fitojn\u00eb 7 dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr or\u00eb, dhe me miliona fitojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm 15,000 dollar\u00eb n\u00eb vit, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb emigrant\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb para edhe n\u00eb sht\u00ebpit\u00eb e tyre. Qart\u00ebsisht, k\u00ebto nuk jan\u00eb paga q\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb jetes\u00eb, dhe k\u00ebshtu disa njer\u00ebz duhet t\u2019u drejtohen kredive. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebnyra e vetme p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbijetuar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gjat\u00eb pandemis\u00eb, 5 milion\u00eb gra humb\u00ebn pun\u00ebn e paguar, dhe 2.5 milion\u00eb spontanisht lan\u00eb pun\u00ebt e tyre sepse kishin f\u00ebmij\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi kur shkollat u mbyll\u00ebn. Gjendja \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshp\u00ebruese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pun\u00ebtoret e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb tmerrshme. S\u00eb pari, edhe n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb edhe n\u00eb SHBA, ato jan\u00eb gra emigrante nga Afrika, Ishujt Karaibe, dhe Filipine, t\u00eb cilat lan\u00eb prapa vende t\u00eb varf\u00ebra ose t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruara nga luft\u00ebrat, nga politikat e FMN-s\u00eb, kapitalit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, Bashkimit Evropian, Qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb, dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb. M\u00eb pas, kur filloi pandemia COVID-19, shum\u00eb mbet\u00ebn pa asgj\u00eb nga familjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat punonin. Jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb ato kan\u00eb vuajtur personalisht, por edhe familjet e tyre t\u00eb cilat i mb\u00ebshtesin. Ndjehem q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e padrejt\u00eb t\u00eb detyrohen q\u00eb t\u00eb vaksinohen kund\u00ebr vullnetit t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr njer\u00ebz si un\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb marrin nj\u00eb pozicion t\u00eb duhur mbi vaksinimin p\u00ebr shkak q\u00eb nuk i dijm\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha detajet. Un\u00eb nuk jam mjeke, nuk i kam kualifikimet p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar t\u00eb gjitha aspektet e k\u00ebtyre vaksinave t\u00eb reja. Por ekzistojn\u00eb disa pyetje q\u00eb duhen theksuar, si p\u00ebr shembull, pse asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk d\u00ebgjojm\u00eb p\u00ebr terapi apo m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb gjithashtu mund t\u00eb ndihmojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nuk i kemi t\u00eb gjitha informatat se sa njer\u00ebz, p\u00ebr shembull, vdesin nga kanceri krahasuar me COVID-19. Sidoqoft\u00eb, kanceri ngreh pyetje rreth problematik\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb pesticideve, kontaminimit t\u00eb ujit dhe ajrit, dhe nj\u00eb ambienti q\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shkat\u00ebrrues p\u00ebr trupat ton\u00eb, posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt m\u00eb s\u00eb paku t\u00eb privilegjuara t\u00eb bot\u00ebs. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb nuk flitet, q\u00eb m\u00eb b\u00ebn\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht dyshuese q\u00eb ajo me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb brenga p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin ton\u00eb, por brenga p\u00ebr profitin e korporatave t\u00eb m\u00ebdha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vaksinat kund\u00ebr COVID-19 shiten si zgjidhje universale, si mrekulli. Na thuhet t\u00eb mos brengosemi p\u00ebr pasojat afatgjata. Por ne ende nuk e dijm\u00eb se cilat jan\u00eb ato. Natyrisht, kjo nuk dometh\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb vaksinat kund\u00ebr COVID-19 nuk jan\u00eb duke ofruar mbrojtje. Por ajo q\u00eb na thuhet \u00ebsht\u00eb se \u00e7kado \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb se vdekja, dhe k\u00ebshtu ne e p\u00ebrqafojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb filozofi. Mendoj q\u00eb ka ende shum\u00eb pyetje q\u00eb kan\u00eb mbetur pa p\u00ebrgjigje q\u00eb lidhen me sistemet sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruar p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb viteve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vdekshm\u00ebria e lart\u00eb q\u00eb COVID-19 ka shkaktuar \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fatkeq\u00ebsi politike. Nj\u00eb vdekshm\u00ebri e till\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb shmangur n\u00ebse sistemet tona sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore dhe kujdesi yn\u00eb p\u00ebr ushqimin t\u00eb mos ishin g\u00ebrryer vazhdimisht. Por t\u00eb ngresh pyetje rreth vaksinave t\u00eb b\u00ebn\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebse t\u00eb Trump dhe fashiste. M\u00eb vjen v\u00ebrtet\u00eb keq q\u00eb, tani kur dalim, gj\u00ebja e par\u00eb q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit pyesin nj\u00ebri tjetrin \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201ca jeni vaksinuar?\u201d Mendoj q\u00eb diskutimi \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb kompleks se kaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pandemia na ofron nj\u00eb moment t\u00eb s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs. Sistemi t\u00eb cilin e ndjekim \u00ebsht\u00eb destruktiv. Ai na v\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve n\u00eb rrezik, por disa m\u00eb shum\u00eb se t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt: komunitetet me ngjyr\u00eb, t\u00eb moshuarit, njer\u00ebzit e ish-bot\u00ebs kolonialiste. Ne kemi par\u00eb edhe karakterin e pafytyr\u00eb komercial t\u00eb shum\u00eb kompanive farmaceutike. Ato kan\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzuar parat\u00eb publike p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimet e tyre dhe tani detyrojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb paguajn\u00eb, dhe shpesh duke kufizuar t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn n\u00eb patente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb q\u00eb klasa kapitaliste do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor COVID-19 nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtarisht p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ristrukturim madhor t\u00eb zhvillimit kapitalist. Forumi Ekonomik Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar \u00ebsht\u00eb duke folur p\u00ebr nj\u00eb rifillim kapitalist: nj\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb zhvillimit kapitalist, riorganizim t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, nj\u00eb rishp\u00ebrndarje t\u00eb pasuris\u00eb. Dua t\u00eb di n\u00ebse njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lloj t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb jan\u00eb po ata t\u00eb cil\u00ebt do t\u00eb organizojn\u00eb nj\u00eb rifillim. P\u00ebr mua pyetja \u00ebsht\u00eb se kush sakt\u00ebsisht do t\u00eb v\u00eb themelet p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb vie?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Catrin Ashton \u00ebsht\u00eb bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtore e rregullt n\u00eb rishikimin e librave n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn uellsiane, O’r Pedwar Gwynt.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Silvia Federici \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb studiuese, m\u00ebsuese dhe aktiviste italiane dhe amerikane, profesore e nderuar me titullin Emerita dhe profesore e shkencave sociale n\u00eb Universitetin Hofstra n\u00eb shtetin e Nju Jorkut.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shkrimin origjinal mund ta gjeni k\u00ebtu.<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebrktheu: Blerton Ajeti<\/p>\n\n\n\n

_________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyer me p\u00ebrkrahjen financiare t\u00eb Bashkimit Evropian n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb projektit \u201cAvancimi i barazis\u00eb dhe diversitetit gjinor p\u00ebrmes eliminimit t\u00eb diskriminimit me baz\u00eb gjinore n\u00eb vendin e pun\u00ebs\u201d. P\u00ebrmbajtja e artikullit \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi e QIKA dhe n\u00eb asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb konsiderohet si q\u00ebndrim i Bashkimit Evropian, Iniciativ\u00ebs Kosovare p\u00ebr Stabilitet dhe Qendr\u00ebs Kosovare p\u00ebr Studime Gjinore.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":9994,"template":"","class_list":["post-9993","lexo-post","type-lexo-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pun\u00eb dashurie - QIKA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/qika.org\/lexo-post\/nuk-eshte-pune-dashurie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pun\u00eb dashurie - QIKA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb intervist\u00eb, t\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb revist\u00ebn Public Seminar, n\u00eb Mars 2022, studiuesja dhe aktivistja Silvia Federici diskuton fushat\u00ebn \u201cPag\u00eb p\u00ebr pun\u00eb t\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb\u201d, e cila u shfaq n\u00eb vitet 1970-ta si nj\u00eb kritik\u00eb radikale e dinamik\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs kapitaliste, duke theksuar se puna n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi \u00ebsht\u00eb qendrore p\u00ebr prodhimin e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore t\u00eb kapitalizmit. 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