N\u00eb nj\u00eb vend ku gjysma e popullsis\u00eb jan\u00eb gra, por vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb e pesta e tyre marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, di\u00e7ka thelb\u00ebsore po mungon. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb munges\u00eb aft\u00ebsie, as munges\u00eb ambicieje, \u00ebsht\u00eb munges\u00eb e mund\u00ebsive t\u00eb barabarta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pavar\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrparimit n\u00eb arsim, p\u00ebrkushtimit dhe suksesit, grat\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrballen me pengesa q\u00eb i mbajn\u00eb larg pun\u00ebsimit t\u00eb dinjitetsh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00eb. Pas \u00e7do p\u00ebrqindjeje dhe \u00e7do statistike fshihen histori t\u00eb v\u00ebrteta t\u00eb grave q\u00eb duan t\u00eb kontribuojn\u00eb, por p\u00ebrballen me nj\u00eb sistem q\u00eb ende nuk i mb\u00ebshtet sa duhet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e publikuara n\u00eb platform\u00ebn 1\u22601 pasqyrojn\u00eb se shkalla e pun\u00ebsimit te burrat arrin n\u00eb 55,9%, nd\u00ebrsa te grat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm 21,2% – nj\u00eb diferenc\u00eb e theksuar q\u00eb reflekton realitete shoq\u00ebrore dhe strukturore q\u00eb mbeten pothuajse t\u00eb pandryshuara nd\u00ebr vite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, raporti i BE-s\u00eb dhe UN Women (2024) tregon se 75,2% e grave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb konsiderohen \u201cjoaktive\u201d n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, krahasuar me 42% t\u00eb burrave. Pra, tre nga kat\u00ebr gra n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pune nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira formalisht n\u00eb ekonomi, nj\u00eb boshll\u00ebk me pasoja t\u00eb thella p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe ekonomin\u00eb.
Sipas vler\u00ebsimeve t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore, p\u00ebrfshirja m\u00eb e gjer\u00eb e grave n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs do t\u00eb kishte ndikim t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen e PBB-s\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. \u00c7do penges\u00eb ndaj k\u00ebsaj p\u00ebrfshirjeje \u00ebsht\u00eb humbje e kapitalit njer\u00ebzor, kreativitetit dhe potencialit p\u00ebr zhvillim t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb shum\u00eb sektor\u00eb, grat\u00eb mbeten t\u00eb n\u00ebn-p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuara. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb teknologji, inxhinieri dhe nd\u00ebrtim, ato p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb stafit, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb sektorin financiar dhe at\u00eb t\u00eb menaxhimit t\u00eb lart\u00eb barrierat kulturore dhe stereotipet gjinore shpesh i mbajn\u00eb jasht\u00eb roleve udh\u00ebheq\u00ebse. Sektor\u00ebt q\u00eb prijn\u00eb me pun\u00ebsim tek ne jan\u00eb tregtia (19,5%), nd\u00ebrtimtaria (12,6%), prodhimi (10,6%), arsimi (8,8%) dhe administrata publike dhe mbrojtja (8,1%). Grat\u00eb jan\u00eb kryesisht t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuara n\u00eb arsim, tregti dhe kujdes sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor (53,3%), nd\u00ebrsa meshkujt dominojn\u00eb n\u00eb tregti, nd\u00ebrtimtari, prodhim, administrat\u00eb publike, mbrojtje dhe sh\u00ebrbime (63,8%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Paradoksi b\u00ebhet i duksh\u00ebm kur shohim t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat p\u00ebr arsimimin. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarrja e grave n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs mbetet e ul\u00ebt, ato investojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb edukim dhe arrijn\u00eb rezultate m\u00eb t\u00eb larta akademike. Numri i grave t\u00eb diplomuara n\u00eb nivelin Master ka tejkaluar duksh\u00ebm at\u00eb t\u00eb burrave: p\u00ebr vitin akademik 2023\/2024, kan\u00eb diplomuar 1,453 gra krahasuar me 872 burra, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr vitin 2024\/2025, 1,505 gra krahasuar me 704 burra. Kjo tregon nj\u00eb boshll\u00ebk t\u00eb qart\u00eb midis arritjeve akademike dhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimit n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, duke reflektuar barrierat strukturore dhe stereotipet gjinore q\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb kufizojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsit\u00eb profesionale t\u00eb grave.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c7far\u00eb duhet ndryshuar?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Edhe pse n\u00eb let\u00ebr Kosova ka korniz\u00eb ligjore q\u00eb garanton barazi n\u00eb pun\u00eb, n\u00eb praktik\u00eb zbatimi mbetet i dob\u00ebt dhe shpesh formal. Ligji i Pun\u00ebs, n\u00eb form\u00ebn aktuale, nuk reflekton realitetin shoq\u00ebror e ekonomik t\u00eb grave, sidomos n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn q\u00eb rregullon pushimin e lehonis\u00eb dhe munges\u00ebn e pushimit prind\u00ebror. Kjo ka krijuar pabarazi t\u00eb dukshme n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, duke b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb barra e kujdesit p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt dhe detyrimet familjare t\u00eb mbeten pothuajse vet\u00ebm mbi grat\u00eb, dhe si pasoj\u00eb, shum\u00eb prej tyre p\u00ebrjashtohen nga mund\u00ebsit\u00eb p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsim apo avancim profesional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Organizatat e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb civile dhe grupet q\u00eb avokojn\u00eb p\u00ebr barazin\u00eb gjinore n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb kan\u00eb theksuar se ndryshimi i Ligjit t\u00eb Pun\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb hap thelb\u00ebsor p\u00ebr t\u00eb adresuar k\u00ebt\u00eb disbalanc\u00eb. Propozimet kryesore fokusohen n\u00eb ndarjen m\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb pushimeve pas lindjes midis prind\u00ebrve, leht\u00ebsimin e barr\u00ebs financiare p\u00ebr pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit, dhe p\u00ebrfshirjen m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb shtetit n\u00eb kompensimin e k\u00ebtyre lejeve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bazuar n\u00eb praktikat e vendeve evropiane dhe rekomandimet e hulumtimeve vendore, si ato t\u00eb Rrjetit t\u00eb Grave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs (RrGK) dhe Forumit Ekonomik t\u00eb Grave, modeli m\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr realitetin ton\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ai q\u00eb ruan koh\u00ebzgjatjen 12 mujore t\u00eb lejes (6+3+3), por e shp\u00ebrndan m\u00eb drejt barr\u00ebn mes shtetit, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve dhe familjeve. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb shteti t\u00eb marr\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi p\u00ebr kompensimin e lejes s\u00eb lehonis\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e par\u00eb, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi t\u00eb mbuloj\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb lejes prind\u00ebrore, nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb mbetet pa pages\u00eb, si deri tani. N\u00eb thelb, ndryshimet e propozuara synojn\u00eb t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb nj\u00eb model m\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb dhe funksional, ku shteti, sektori privat dhe familjet ndajn\u00eb barr\u00ebn e kujdesit, nd\u00ebrsa grat\u00eb nuk penalizohen p\u00ebr rolin e tyre prind\u00ebror. Kjo qasje \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar nj\u00eb treg pune m\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb afruar Kosov\u00ebn me standardet evropiane n\u00eb mbrojtjen e pun\u00ebs dhe barazis\u00eb gjinore. Megjithat\u00eb, ndryshimi i Ligjit t\u00eb Pun\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb hap i par\u00eb: p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur nj\u00eb ndikim real dhe t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm, duhet q\u00eb politikat p\u00ebr barazin\u00eb gjinore t\u00eb shtrihen n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha dimensionet e jet\u00ebs profesionale dhe shoq\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, masat p\u00ebr avancimin e barazis\u00eb gjinore duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme, gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse dhe t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetura n\u00eb hapa konkret\u00eb. Zgjerimi i qasjes n\u00eb \u00e7erdhe dhe kujdes t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt, integrimi i pushimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt prind\u00ebror, promovimi i orareve fleksibile t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, transparenca n\u00eb pag\u00eb dhe promovim, si dhe leht\u00ebsime tatimore p\u00ebr kompanit\u00eb q\u00eb avancojn\u00eb grat\u00eb jan\u00eb hapa t\u00eb domosdosh\u00ebm. Programet e mentorimit dhe trajnimeve profesionale mund t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb ura midis arsimit dhe tregut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, duke p\u00ebrgatitur grat\u00eb p\u00ebr role udh\u00ebheq\u00ebse dhe sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebse. Zbatimi i rrept\u00eb i politikave kund\u00ebr ngacmimit dhe krijimi i hap\u00ebsirave t\u00eb sigurta e mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebse n\u00eb vendin e pun\u00ebs jan\u00eb po ashtu thelb\u00ebsore n\u00eb<\/p>\n\n\n\n Barazia gjinore n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb privilegj p\u00ebr grat\u00eb, por nj\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebri p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb. Qeveria, bizneset, institucionet arsimore dhe secili prej nesh ka p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri ku grat\u00eb nuk duhet t\u00eb luftojn\u00eb p\u00ebr hap\u00ebsir\u00eb, por ku hap\u00ebsira u takon me t\u00eb drejt\u00eb. Nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri q\u00eb u garanton grave mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb barabarta sfidon pabarazin\u00eb, thyen struktura diskriminuese dhe nd\u00ebrton themele m\u00eb t\u00eb forta p\u00ebr zhvillim ekonomik dhe shoq\u00ebror t\u00eb drejt\u00eb e t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n _________________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrkrahur nga programi i Fondacionit Kosovar p\u00ebr Shoq\u00ebri Civile (KCSF) \u2018EJA Kosov\u00eb\u2019, bashk\u00ebfinancuar nga Agjencia Zvicerane p\u00ebr Zhvillim dhe Bashk\u00ebpunim (SDC) dhe Suedia. P\u00ebrmbajtja e k\u00ebtij artikulli \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi e QIKA dhe jo domosdoshm\u00ebrisht paraqet q\u00ebndrimet e KCSF-s\u00eb, SDC-s\u00eb, apo Suedis\u00eb.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":11807,"template":"","class_list":["post-11804","perspective-post","type-perspective-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
Nj\u00eb element ky\u00e7 n\u00eb k\u00ebto propozime \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshirja e baballar\u00ebve p\u00ebrmes lejes s\u00eb at\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe muajve t\u00eb patransferuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr ta, duke ndar\u00eb m\u00eb barabart\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb e kujdesit p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt dhe duke reduktuar diskriminimin ndaj grave n\u00eb pun\u00ebsim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n