{"id":10606,"date":"2025-01-28T14:03:50","date_gmt":"2025-01-28T13:03:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qika.org\/?post_type=thelle-post&p=10606"},"modified":"2025-01-28T14:03:52","modified_gmt":"2025-01-28T13:03:52","slug":"nen-qiellin-qe-ndryshon-grate-bartin-mbi-supe-ndryshimet-klimatike-ne-bujqesi","status":"publish","type":"thelle-post","link":"https:\/\/qika.org\/en\/thelle-post\/nen-qiellin-qe-ndryshon-grate-bartin-mbi-supe-ndryshimet-klimatike-ne-bujqesi\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00ebn qiellin q\u00eb ndryshon, grat\u00eb bartin mbi supe ndryshimet klimatike n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 sfidave t\u00eb ndryshme, grat\u00eb q\u00eb merren me fush\u00ebn e bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb sfidohen edhe me ndryshimet klimatike, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb nj\u00eb ndikim n\u00eb veprimtarin\u00eb e tyre prodhuese. Ndryshimet klimatike, si reshjet e pand\u00ebrprera dhe that\u00ebsirat, ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e produkteve dhe rritjen e kostos s\u00eb prodhimit. Pavar\u00ebsisht sfidave, grat\u00eb si Kimete Hoti dhe Havushe Bunjaku, jan\u00eb shembuj t\u00eb forc\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrkushtimit n\u00eb mes t\u00eb sfidave t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb shum\u00eb angazhim dhe menaxhim t\u00eb pun\u00ebve.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebr Kimete Hotin nga Krusha e Madhe, tash e 25 vite dit\u00ebt e pranver\u00ebs fillojn\u00eb ende pa zbardhur agimi dhe p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb n\u00eb mesnat\u00eb. Ora kat\u00ebr e m\u00ebngjesit at\u00eb e gjen n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb duke p\u00ebrfytyruar list\u00ebn e gjat\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebve q\u00eb e presin n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb veprimtaris\u00eb q\u00eb ajo kryen me bletarin\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrgatitjen e ajvarit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00ebn ritmin e ngjeshur t\u00eb pun\u00ebve, t\u00eb cilin e p\u00ebrcjellin gum\u00ebzhimat e blet\u00ebve dhe aroma e specave t\u00eb pjekur, ardhja e ver\u00ebs rrit\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebn e dit\u00ebve t\u00eb zgjatura dhe angazhimit q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon p\u00ebrkujdesja ndaj blet\u00ebve, mbledhja e mjaltit dhe p\u00ebrgatitja e ajvarit si nj\u00eb proces q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon koh\u00eb, kujdes dhe v\u00ebmendje t\u00eb vazhdueshme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Me kalimin e stin\u00ebve, kur sezoni i vjesht\u00ebs troket dhe ftoht\u00ebsia e ajrit fillon t\u00eb ndjehet, pun\u00ebt arrijn\u00eb kulmin. Muaji n\u00ebntor sh\u00ebnon fundin e sezonit, duke l\u00ebn\u00eb pas nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb e t\u00eb lodhshme angazhimi p\u00ebr Kimeten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMe t\u00eb tregu ndoshta edhe nuk beson. Zgjohem n\u00eb ora kat\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebngjesit, nganj\u00ebher\u00eb them a u bon\u00eb 24 or\u00eb apo u bon\u00eb 30 or\u00eb? E kam vet\u00ebm pauz\u00ebn e ushqimit dhe t\u00eb kafes se sezoni \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i shkurt\u00ebr\u201d, shprehet Kimetja, teksa p\u00ebrshkruan rutin\u00ebn e saj gjat\u00eb sezonit n\u00ebnt\u00eb mujor mars-n\u00ebntor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cP\u00ebr shembull, specat deri sa t\u00eb piqen, mandej t\u00eb q\u00ebrohen, nuk mund t\u2019i l\u00ebsh shum\u00eb gjat\u00eb. Pastaj duhet t\u00eb kullohen, t\u00eb vlohen, t\u00eb b\u00ebhet zierja, t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto. Koha nuk t\u00eb pret. Shtat\u00eb-tet\u00eb or\u00eb deri sa t\u00eb zihet, deri sa t\u00eb piqet, shkojn\u00eb or\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebra.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ndon\u00ebse k\u00ebto aktivitete Kimetja i kryen me shum\u00eb pasion dhe sot ka krijuar biznesin ‘Mjalt\u00eb dhe Ajvar i Krush\u00ebs’, t\u00eb cilin ajo e udh\u00ebheq,  25 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb bletaria, konservimi i turshive dhe p\u00ebrgatitja e ajvarit kishin nisur si nj\u00eb opsion mbijetese p\u00ebr Kimeten, e cila n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 27 vje\u00e7are kishte mbetur n\u00ebn\u00eb vetushqyese e dy f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb saj, pasi bashk\u00ebshorti i Kimetes ishte vrar\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb nga forcat serbe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cN\u00eb vitin 1999, sht\u00ebpia ka qen\u00eb krejt\u00ebsisht e djegur, burri dhe kunati im ishin vrar\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb. Nj\u00eb her\u00eb, derisa i kemi gjetur (trupat), kemi mbet\u00eb duke i k\u00ebrku t\u00eb zhdukurit. Nuk e shihnim jet\u00ebn si do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb vazhdonim, por derisa t\u2019i gjenim, ka qen\u00eb shum\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb\u201d, p\u00ebrshkruan Kimetja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cN\u00eb vitin 2008 burrin dhe kunatin i kemi gjet\u00eb dhe i kemi varros\u00eb. Deri at\u00ebher\u00eb, gjith\u00eb koha ka kalu duke shku p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrku n\u00eb varrezat masive, mandej shkojshim n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi dhe punojshim,\u201d- shton ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sfidat e ndryshimeve klimatike
<\/strong>
Edhe pse Kimetja pohon se hovi i pun\u00ebve dhe lista e p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsive vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb shtohen nd\u00ebr vite, pasioni me t\u00eb cilin ajo i kryen k\u00ebto detyra shpesh e venit lodhjen q\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb or\u00ebt e t\u00ebra t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb mesin e pengesave q\u00eb ngadal\u00ebsojn\u00eb ose pengojn\u00eb procesin e pun\u00ebs shpesh jan\u00eb edhe kushtet klimatike, pavar\u00ebsisht nga fakti se Krusha e Madhe ofron nj\u00eb terren dhe reliev t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr zhvillimin e bletaris\u00eb dhe kultivimin e specave.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebr Kimeten, reshjet e vazhdueshme t\u00eb shiut shpesh mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb shkaktar\u00eb q\u00eb puna t\u00eb sjell\u00eb m\u00eb pak rezultate n\u00eb mbledhjen e mjaltit krahasuar me at\u00eb se sa pritet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cN\u00eb mars ose n\u00eb prill q\u00eb qel bagremi ndodh\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb reshurat atmosferike nuk kan\u00eb t\u00eb ndalur. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se num\u00ebr nj\u00eb bleta e ka bagremin, polenin q\u00eb e merr. Ndodh p\u00ebr shembull ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb q\u00eb mundet edhe me d\u00ebshtu, nuk mundesh me marr\u00eb mjalt\u00eb aq sa mendon p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb t\u00eb reshurave\u201d, shpjegon ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mes problemeve t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb ndryshimet klimatike, 57-vje\u00e7arja p\u00ebrmend edhe rastet kur gjat\u00eb dimrit blet\u00ebt mund t\u00eb mos mbijetojn\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb motit t\u00eb ftoht\u00eb. Poashtu, ajo thekson rrezikun e infektimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb blete me s\u00ebmundje q\u00eb mund ta p\u00ebrhap\u00eb m\u00eb pas at\u00eb te blet\u00ebt tjera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si nj\u00eb zgjidhje q\u00eb do t\u2019i leht\u00ebsonte shum\u00eb pun\u00ebn dhe do t\u2019i minimizonte k\u00ebto rreziqe, Kimetja shpreh nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pun\u00ebtori q\u00eb do t\u2019ia mund\u00ebsonte asaj kryerjen e pun\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb objekt t\u00eb mbyllur e t\u00eb mbrojtur nga shiu dhe temperaturat ekstreme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNevoja kryesore q\u00eb mundem me cek \u00ebsht\u00eb pun\u00ebtoria. P\u00ebr shembull, kur bie shi gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb konservimit t\u00eb turshive ose p\u00ebrgatitjes s\u00eb ajvarit, n\u00eb shi \u00ebsht\u00eb pak problem se kur e qet p\u00ebr shembull tav\u00ebn, ti specat i pjek e i q\u00ebron, e kur e qet me e zi n\u00eb shi nuk ke qysh, \u00ebsht\u00eb sfid\u00eb edhe pse ne mundohemi me ton\u00ebn\u201d, thot\u00eb ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj pun\u00ebtorie dhe p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nevoj\u00ebs p\u00ebr blerjen e produkteve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, kryerja e pun\u00ebve n\u00eb kushte sht\u00ebpie i sjell Kimetes kosto t\u00eb larta financiare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShpenzime ka mjaft sa nganj\u00ebher\u00eb thu qysh do t\u2019i nxjerr\u00eb k\u00ebto shpenzime. Nisur s\u00eb pari nga bletaria. Bleta p\u00ebr shembull, kosherja, fundi, sandeku, rrobat, teli, dylli, pastaj kutia, mandej kapaku, mos t\u00eb flas tjera e tjera sene\u201d, num\u00ebron Kimetja, e cila me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat shpenzime p\u00ebrballet edhe kur bie fjala te p\u00ebrgatitja e ajvarit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBlije specin, blej drurin, blej vajin, blej t\u00eb gjitha, krejt po kushtojn\u00eb. Sfid\u00eb kryesore \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e nj\u00eb pun\u00ebtorie sepse prap\u00eb p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb pajisje ne mund t\u2019ia dalim\u201d, u shpreh ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb institucionet shtet\u00ebrore p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e kushteve p\u00ebr grat\u00eb q\u00eb merren me bujq\u00ebsi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Organizata joqeveritare “Gruaja Fermere” nga Rahoveci, e themeluar n\u00eb vitin 2006, merret me sfidat q\u00eb hasin grat\u00eb dhe me organizimin e trajnimeve dhe projekteve q\u00eb synojn\u00eb avancimin e rolit t\u00eb gruas dhe leht\u00ebsimin e barrierave q\u00eb ato p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Muradije Shehu nga kjo organizat\u00eb e konsideron si penges\u00eb kryesore p\u00ebr grat\u00eb munges\u00ebn e marketingut, importin, munges\u00ebn e agronom\u00ebve q\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb terren si dhe nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr trajnime t\u00eb specializuara, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitjen e planeve t\u00eb biznesit dhe kultivimin cil\u00ebsor t\u00eb produkteve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cP\u00ebr sfidat q\u00eb sjellin ndryshimet klimatike, grat\u00eb q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin e bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb duhet t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunojn\u00eb me nj\u00eb agronom n\u00eb komun\u00eb dhe t\u00eb informohen si duhet t\u2019i p\u00ebrshtaten kultivimit t\u00eb prodhimeve n\u00eb ndryshimet klimatike\u201d, thot\u00eb Shehu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ajo p\u00ebrmend edhe pengesat me t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrballen grat\u00eb n\u00eb qasjen dhe p\u00ebrfitimin e subvencioneve dhe mb\u00ebshtetjes financiare p\u00ebr bujq\u00ebsin\u00eb, duke theksuar se k\u00ebto sfida lidhen ngusht\u00eb me munges\u00ebn e regjistrimit t\u00eb pron\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb tok\u00ebs n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb grave.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb Agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb Statistikave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr vitin 2014, n\u00eb sektorin e ekonomive bujq\u00ebsore, ndarja sipas gjinive \u00ebsht\u00eb si vijon: Pronar\u00ebt e ekonomive bujq\u00ebsore jan\u00eb 6 mij\u00eb e 388 gra, q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb vet\u00ebm 5% t\u00eb pronar\u00ebve, nd\u00ebrsa 124 mij\u00eb e 48 burra, q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb 95% t\u00eb pronar\u00ebve. Nd\u00ebrkaq, an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e familjeve t\u00eb ekonomive bujq\u00ebsore figurojn\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb 92 mij\u00eb e 630 gra dhe 66 mij\u00eb e 471 burra. Sidoqoft\u00eb, numri i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb familjeve t\u00eb ekonomive bujq\u00ebsore \u00ebsht\u00eb 99 mij\u00eb e 18 gra dhe 190 mij\u00eb e 519 burra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Mungesa e vet\u00ebbesimit te grat\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb negociuar duket t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb nga shkaqet kryesore p\u00ebr mospjes\u00ebmarrjen n\u00eb tregje, si dhe mungesa e njohurive p\u00ebr planifikimin e biznes-planit\u201d, shprehet Shehu, e cila thekson si problem edhe munges\u00ebn e grave nga vendet rurale n\u00eb procesin e planifikimit t\u00eb buxhetit n\u00eb komun\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si hapa kryesor\u00eb p\u00ebr leht\u00ebsimin e sfidave me t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrballen grat\u00eb n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi, Shehu sugjeron rritjen e lobimit t\u00eb komunave p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar qasjen e grave n\u00eb trash\u00ebgimi, shtimin e buxhetit p\u00ebr grat\u00eb q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi, dhe krijimin e nj\u00eb zyre k\u00ebshillimore brenda komunave p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur grat\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb bot\u00ebn e mbushur me kimikate, \u201c99 Lule\u201d sjell natyr\u00ebn n\u00eb shishe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb Agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb Statistikave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr vitin 2014, numri i personave q\u00eb merren me bujq\u00ebsi n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb 130 mij\u00eb e 436, prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve 124 mij\u00eb e 48 burra merren me k\u00ebt\u00eb veprimtari, kurse numri i grave n\u00eb sektorin e bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb 6 mij\u00eb e 388.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb mesin e k\u00ebtyre grave \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe biologia Havushe Bunjaku, e cila 12 vite m\u00eb par\u00eb ka themeluar Kompanin\u00eb \u201c99 Lule\u201d. Kjo kompani \u00ebsht\u00eb e specializuar p\u00ebr grumbullim, kultivimin e bim\u00ebve medicinale e aromatike dhe prodhimin e \u00e7ajrave organik, vajrave esenciale dhe produkteve p\u00ebr kujdesin e l\u00ebkur\u00ebs nga bim\u00ebt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00ebn udh\u00ebheqjen e zonj\u00ebs Bunjaku, kjo kompani grumbullon mbi 47 lloje t\u00eb bim\u00ebve medicinale dhe aromatike n\u00eb nj\u00eb zon\u00eb t\u00eb certifikuar organike me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se tre hektar\u00eb n\u00eb Gollak dhe nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht kultivon n\u00ebnt\u00eb lloje t\u00eb tjera bim\u00ebsh n\u00eb fusha t\u00eb hapura, t\u00eb ndara dhe t\u00eb certifikuara organike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cShumica e bim\u00ebve mjek\u00ebsore q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbledhura nga fushat tona t\u00eb kultivuara organikisht, por ne gjithashtu bashk\u00ebpunojm\u00eb me fermer\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ndihmojn\u00eb n\u00eb mbledhjen e bim\u00ebve t\u00eb tjera\u201d, shpjegon ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

K\u00ebsisoj, Bunjaku, p\u00ebr k\u00ebto 12 vite, ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb linja e produkteve t\u00eb \u201c99 Lule\u201d t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb mbi 36 lloje \u00e7ajra organik t\u00eb certifikuar, vajra esenciale, uthull molle t\u00eb eg\u00ebr dhe kremra p\u00ebr l\u00ebkur\u00ebn, t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb prodhuara nga bim\u00ebt. Sipas saj, k\u00ebto produkte kan\u00eb fituar popullaritet si n\u00eb tregun vendor ashtu edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, duke u mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb partneritete t\u00eb forta shitjesh me pakic\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe duke shtrir\u00eb ndikimin e tyre deri n\u00eb eksportet n\u00eb tregun zviceran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMotivimi yn\u00eb ka qen\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb krijojm\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrje q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet zhvillimin e mjedisit dhe rritjen e grupeve t\u00eb margjinalizuara, duke ofruar mund\u00ebsi pun\u00ebsimi dhe edukimi p\u00ebr grat\u00eb nga zonat rurale\u201d, thot\u00eb Bunjaku, duke shtuar se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kompani p\u00ebrkujdesen q\u00eb bim\u00ebt t\u00eb rriten n\u00eb kushte natyrore, pa p\u00ebrdorimin e pesticideve apo kimikateve t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebrkund\u00ebr angazhimit t\u00eb \u201c99 Lule\u201d n\u00eb grumbullimin, tharjen, p\u00ebrpunimin dhe paketimin e produkteve bimore, ndryshimet klimatike si reshjet e shiut dhe that\u00ebsirat jan\u00eb ato qe jo rrall\u00eb her\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb negativisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb proces, duke penguar realizimin e procesit t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biologia Bunjaku shpjegon se p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndryshimeve klimatike, bim\u00ebt mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtje m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb substancave aktive, si vajrat esenciale dhe p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsit e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb dobish\u00ebm p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin. Kjo gj\u00eb m\u00eb pas ndikon n\u00eb cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e produkteve p\u00ebrfundimtare dhe mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur standardet e cil\u00ebsis\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBim\u00ebt mjek\u00ebsore, si ment\u00eb, rozmarin\u00eb, levander dhe kamomil, kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr kushte t\u00eb caktuara klimatike p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre\u201d, na shpjegon Bunjaku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ajo thot\u00eb se ndryshimet e temperatur\u00ebs mund t\u00eb ngadal\u00ebsojn\u00eb rritjen e bim\u00ebve dhe n\u00eb prodhimin e substancave t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, duke ndikuar negativisht n\u00eb cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e produktit p\u00ebrfundimtar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ndikim i madh, sipas Bunjakut, \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe ndryshimi i modeleve t\u00eb reshjeve dhe periudhat e that\u00ebsir\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat ajo thot\u00eb se mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb munges\u00eb uji p\u00ebr bim\u00ebt, duke kufizuar zhvillimin e tyre dhe duke reduktuar rendimentin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb vajrave esenciale dhe substancave mjek\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cN\u00eb disa raste, p\u00ebrmbytjet ose reshjet e shpeshta mund t\u00eb d\u00ebmtojn\u00eb bim\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsojn\u00eb cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre\u201d, shprehet ajo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rritja e madhe e temperatur\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr faktor q\u00eb sjell sfida p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs q\u00eb b\u00ebn Bunjaku, ngaq\u00eb shkakton shp\u00ebrndarje t\u00eb s\u00ebmundjeve dhe d\u00ebmtuesve q\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb bim\u00ebt mjek\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sipas saj, s\u00ebmundjet q\u00eb ndodhin n\u00eb kushte t\u00eb lag\u00ebshta ose t\u00eb nxehta mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb zakonshme, duke k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim m\u00eb shum\u00eb masa mbrojt\u00ebse. Ajo thot\u00eb se kjo gj\u00eb mund t\u00eb rris\u00eb koston e prodhimit dhe mund t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e bim\u00ebve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrshtatur me k\u00ebto ndryshime, \u201c99 Lule\u201d ka filluar investimin n\u00eb teknika t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme t\u00eb menaxhimit t\u00eb tok\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrdorimin e praktikave t\u00eb bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb q\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr kushte t\u00eb ndryshuara klimatike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cKjo p\u00ebrfshin p\u00ebrdorimin e teknikave t\u00eb ujitjes efikase, mbjelljen e varieteteve q\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme ndaj kushteve klimatike dhe ruajtjen e biodiversitetit p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur bim\u00ebt nga faktor\u00ebt negativ\u00eb t\u00eb klim\u00ebs, investimi n\u00eb energji t\u00eb rip\u00ebrt\u00ebrishme n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e p\u00ebrpunimit\u201d, shpjegon Bunjaku.

V\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e p\u00ebrditshme dhe d\u00ebmtimi i bim\u00ebve nuk jan\u00eb sfidat e vetme q\u00eb ndryshimet klimatike sjellin p\u00ebr Havushe Bunjakun, pasi p\u00ebrballimi i tyre shpesh k\u00ebrkon shpenzime shtes\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cPeriudhat e that\u00ebsir\u00ebs kan\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb investime n\u00eb sistemin e ujitjes, nd\u00ebrsa reshjet e shumta kan\u00eb rritur nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr mbrojtje nga s\u00ebmundjet dhe d\u00ebmtuesit, duke rritur p\u00ebrdorimin e substancave natyrale p\u00ebr mbrojtje, q\u00eb jan\u00eb shpesh m\u00eb t\u00eb shtrenjta\u201d, theksoi Havushja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebrgjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb saj, shp\u00ebrndarja e reshjeve, periudhat e that\u00ebsir\u00ebs, dhe variacionet e temperatur\u00ebs kan\u00eb shkaktuar vonesa n\u00eb ciklin e rritjes s\u00eb bim\u00ebve dhe nj\u00eb prodhim m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsve aktiv\u00eb, si vajra esenciale dhe substanca mjek\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ajo thot\u00eb se kjo ka ndikuar n\u00eb sasin\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb produktit q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb, duke rezultuar n\u00eb mund\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuara p\u00ebr shitje dhe nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb tensioneve p\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e konsumator\u00ebve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gjithashtu, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndryshimeve klimatike, “99 Lule” \u00ebsht\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb varietete t\u00eb reja bim\u00ebsh q\u00eb p\u00ebrshtaten m\u00eb mir\u00eb me kushtet e reja, gj\u00eb q\u00eb shkakton nj\u00eb kosto shtes\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNdryshimet klimatike gjithashtu kan\u00eb ndikuar n\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr disa lloje produktesh. P\u00ebr shembull, \u00e7mimet e disa produkteve t\u00eb bim\u00ebve mjek\u00ebsore mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb p\u00ebsuar variacione p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndryshimeve n\u00eb rendimentin dhe cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre\u201d, shpjegon ajo, duke shtuar se kjo gj\u00eb ka ndikuar n\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb planifikuar dhe menaxhuar furnizimin dhe ka krijuar pasiguri sa i p\u00ebrket shitjeve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ndikimi i ndryshimeve klimatike n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e grave n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Besim Aliu, Koordinator dhe Parashikues i Motit n\u00eb Institutin Hidrometeorologjik t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs – IHMK, shpjegon se deri para nj\u00eb dekade, fermer\u00ebt n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb kishin sukses n\u00eb rendimentet e dy kulturave kryesore, misrit dhe grurit. Mir\u00ebpo, sipas Aliut, vitet e fundit fermer\u00ebt po hasin v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi pasi, sipas tij, po b\u00ebhet gjithnj\u00eb m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb arrihet rendimenti optimal p\u00ebr t\u00eb dyja kulturat p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndryshimeve klimatike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDisa bim\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb temperaturat e larta dhe munges\u00ebn e reshjeve gjat\u00eb periudhave kritike t\u00eb pranver\u00ebs dhe ver\u00ebs. Kjo p\u00ebrfshin bim\u00ebt leguminoze t\u00eb familjes Fabaceae, si fasulja, bizelja, soja dhe disa perime t\u00eb tjera\u201d, shpjegon Aliu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ai p\u00ebrmend edhe temperatur\u00ebn si nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr element ky\u00e7 q\u00eb ka nj\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb madh n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cP\u00ebr shembull, \u00ebsht\u00eb regjistruar q\u00eb temperatura mesatare e muajit mars t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se ajo e prillit ose e muajve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, gj\u00eb q\u00eb ndikon negativisht te bim\u00ebt\u201d, shpjegon Aliu i cili si nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr dukuri  meteorologjike t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme e sheh edhe r\u00ebnien e brym\u00ebs n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shtatorit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn thot\u00eb se i d\u00ebmton r\u00ebnd\u00eb kulturat perimore t\u00eb mbjella n\u00eb fusha t\u00eb hapura, duke shkaktuar humbje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr fermer\u00ebt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb Aliu vler\u00ebson se ekspert\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb merren seriozisht me k\u00ebto ndryshime dhe t\u00eb reflektojn\u00eb n\u00eb identifikimin dhe importimin e varieteteve m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr klim\u00ebn e Kosov\u00ebs, sidomos n\u00eb pem\u00ebtari.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cKoh\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit, n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb kan\u00eb filluar t\u00eb kultivohen disa bim\u00eb bregdetare, t\u00eb cilat po p\u00ebrshtaten p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb klim\u00ebs q\u00eb po ndryshon n\u00eb rajonin ton\u00eb\u201d, shton ai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lidhur me ndryshimet klimatike, Aliu shpjegon se variabiliteti i klim\u00ebs ndikon negativisht n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi p\u00ebrmes uljes s\u00eb produktivitetit, d\u00ebmtimit t\u00eb kulturave, dhe rritjes s\u00eb kostove t\u00eb prodhimit. Ai shton se reshjet e tep\u00ebrta mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmbytje dhe erozion, nd\u00ebrsa that\u00ebsirat ndalojn\u00eb prodhimin dhe furnizimin me uj\u00eb, duke rritur var\u00ebsin\u00eb nga inputet bujq\u00ebsore si sistemi i ujitjes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Duke i marr\u00eb parasysh k\u00ebto zhvillime, Aliu thot\u00eb se grat\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb sfida n\u00eb p\u00ebrballimin dhe menaxhimin e ndryshimeve klimatike.

\u201cGrat\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin bujq\u00ebsor, t\u00eb cilat shpesh merren me kultivime t\u00eb vogla dhe ndihmojn\u00eb n\u00eb menaxhimin e ekonomive familjare, jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb prekura p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb burimeve financiare dhe qasjes n\u00eb teknologji moderne\u201d, sqaron ai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aliu num\u00ebron humbjen e t\u00eb korrave dhe d\u00ebmtimin e infrastruktur\u00ebs bujq\u00ebsore si serrat dhe kanalet e ujitjes, munges\u00ebn e ujit dhe zvog\u00eblimin e rendimenteve gjat\u00eb that\u00ebsirave, shtimin e s\u00ebmundjeve dhe d\u00ebmtuesve bujq\u00ebsor\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb klim\u00ebs s\u00eb ngroht\u00eb si dhe rritjen e kostove p\u00ebr riparime dhe masat parandaluese si pasojat m\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme t\u00eb fenomeneve ekstreme klimatike si stuhit\u00eb, reshjet e m\u00ebdha, apo that\u00ebsira p\u00ebr fermer\u00ebt n\u00eb zonat rurale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebr p\u00ebrballim m\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrgatitje ndaj k\u00ebtyre sfidave, Aliu ve\u00e7on parashikimin meteorologjik, duke u shprehur se ai \u00ebsht\u00eb jetik p\u00ebr planifikimin e aktiviteteve bujq\u00ebsore si mbjellja dhe korrja, marrjen e masave paraprake ndaj fenomeneve ekstreme si stuhit\u00eb ose ngricat dhe gjithashtu edhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb burimeve ujore dhe energjis\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMegjithat\u00eb, qasja n\u00eb informacionin meteorologjik n\u00eb koh\u00eb dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb kuptueshme mbetet nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr grat\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb m\u00eb pak mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr qasje n\u00eb teknologji dhe trajnime\u201d, sqaron Aliu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sipas tij, n\u00eb tri vitet e fundit, fermer\u00ebt n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb kan\u00eb raportuar humbje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb reshjeve t\u00eb stuhishme dhe periudhave t\u00eb thata t\u00eb zgjatura dhe n\u00ebse trendet aktuale vazhdojn\u00eb, Aliu parashikon se Kosova mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetoj\u00eb that\u00ebsira m\u00eb t\u00eb shpeshta dhe reshje t\u00eb papritura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ai shpjegon se masat p\u00ebr p\u00ebrshtatje p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb investime n\u00eb sisteme t\u00eb avancuara ujitjeje dhe menaxhim t\u00eb ujit, mbjellje t\u00eb kulturave rezistente ndaj that\u00ebsir\u00ebs dhe zhvillimi i diversitetit kulturor bujq\u00ebsor. Ai thot\u00eb se jan\u00eb t\u00eb domosdoshme trajnimet p\u00ebr fermer\u00ebt, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr grat\u00eb si n\u00eb teknologji dhe praktika t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme, p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim t\u00eb kapaciteteve t\u00eb monitorimit dhe parashikimit t\u00eb fenomeneve klimatike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aliu ve\u00e7on edhe dor\u00ebn q\u00eb duhet t\u2019iu jap shteti fermer\u00ebve q\u00eb t\u2019i p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb m\u00eb leht\u00eb ndryshimet klimatike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMb\u00ebshtetja nga shteti ka nj\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb financimin e projekteve t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs si nd\u00ebrtimi i digave ose kanaleve t\u00eb ujitjes, sigurimin e subvencioneve p\u00ebr blerjen e far\u00ebrave rezistente dhe pesticideve ekologjike, promovimin e programeve t\u00eb sigurimit bujq\u00ebsor p\u00ebr mbrojtjen nga humbjet klimatike\u201d, shpjegon Aliu, duke shtuar se n\u00ebse kjo mb\u00ebshtetje rritet dhe menaxhohet m\u00eb mir\u00eb, fermer\u00ebt do t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrballur me sfidat klimatike.

Si nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr problematik\u00eb Aliu sheh qasjen e kufizuar n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e informacionit meteorologjik p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin thot\u00eb se dhe nuk arrin t\u00eb mbuloj\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha zonat rurale, p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr se organizatat joqeveritare dhe disa institucione qeveritare kan\u00eb organizuar projekte pilot n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim. Ai thot\u00eb se trajnimet duhet t\u00eb mbahen nga profesionist\u00ebt dhe se m\u00eb s\u00eb miri do t\u00eb ishte q\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb proces t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihet Fakulteti i Bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe Veterinaris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb strategjike t\u00eb bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb si nj\u00eb shtyll\u00eb ky\u00e7e p\u00ebr zhvillimin ekonomik t\u00eb vendit e vler\u00ebson Imer Rusinovci, profesor n\u00eb Fakultetin e Bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb Universitetin e Prishtin\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ai thekson nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb prioritet programe t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme dhe t\u00eb mir\u00ebplanifikuara p\u00ebr zhvillimin e bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, duke theksuar se sigurimi i ushqimit p\u00ebr konsumator\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb detyr\u00eb par\u00ebsore p\u00ebr vendin dhe se ulja e importit duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb objektiv\u00eb kryesore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cPra, vendit i nevojiten programe konkrete e jo t\u00eb ashtuquajtura strategji t\u00eb shumta q\u00eb jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nga OJQ t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb pothuajse t\u00eb karakterit deskriptiv\u201d, shprehet Rusinovci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Profesori Rusinovci mendon se p\u00ebrshtatshm\u00ebria e llojeve bimore dhe racave sht\u00ebpiake n\u00eb zonat prodhuese duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb parim themelor n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me lart\u00ebsit\u00eb mbidetare t\u00eb tyre, konform nd\u00ebrrimeve klimatike q\u00eb tanim\u00eb jan\u00eb evidente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7far\u00eb hapa ka nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb MBPZhR p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur grat\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin e bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nga Ministria e Bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb, Pylltaris\u00eb dhe Zhvillimit Rural (MBPZhR<\/a>) thon\u00eb se n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb programeve vjetore mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebse kan\u00eb aplikuar masa afirmative p\u00ebr veprimtarit\u00eb e grave fermere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sipas MBPZhR-s\u00eb, n\u00eb mas\u00ebn 1 \u201cInvestime n\u00eb asete fizike t\u00eb ekonomive bujq\u00ebsore\u201d secila grua q\u00eb i plot\u00ebson kriteret e pranueshm\u00ebris\u00eb, merr 2-5 pik\u00eb shtes\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrtesa n\u00eb Mas\u00ebn 7 \u201cDiversifikimi i fermave dhe zhvillimi i bizneseve\u201d ka nj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe p\u00ebr grat\u00eb fermere, numri i pik\u00ebve shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr grat\u00eb fermere \u00ebsht\u00eb nga 5-10, var\u00ebsisht nga sektor\u00ebt\/n\u00ebnmasat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sipas k\u00ebsaj ministrie, sektor\u00ebt ku dominojn\u00eb grat\u00eb si p\u00ebrftuese jan\u00eb sektori i serrave; sektori i pem\u00ebve; sektori i zhvillimit dhe promovimit t\u00eb turizmit rural; sektori i rritjes s\u00eb pulave t\u00eb fshatit; sektori i p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb produkteve n\u00eb nivel ferme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lidhur me d\u00ebmet q\u00eb sjellin ndryshimet klimatike n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, nga MBPZhR kan\u00eb konfirmuar se nuk posedojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb sakta lidhur me ndikimin e ndryshimeve klimatike n\u00eb kultivimin dhe produktivitetin e kulturave bujq\u00ebsore, t\u00eb cilat kultivohen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDuhet theksuar se tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur si p\u00ebr MBPZhR-n\u00eb dhe t\u00eb gjith\u00eb fermer\u00ebt se ndryshimet klimatike viteve t\u00eb fundit po e shprehin ndikimin e tyre negative n\u00eb sektorin e bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb\u201d, \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjur ministria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ky institucion tutje ka b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb ditur se jan\u00eb disa iniciativa t\u00eb filluara nga projekte t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me MBPZhR-n\u00eb q\u00eb kjo \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb trajtohet me seriozitet, duke filluar aplikimin e disa prej masave me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb kultivimit t\u00eb kulturave bujq\u00ebsore ndaj efektit t\u00eb ndryshimeve klimatike.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":10607,"template":"","class_list":["post-10606","thelle-post","type-thelle-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nN\u00ebn qiellin q\u00eb ndryshon, grat\u00eb bartin mbi supe ndryshimet klimatike n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi - QIKA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/qika.org\/thelle-post\/nen-qiellin-qe-ndryshon-grate-bartin-mbi-supe-ndryshimet-klimatike-ne-bujqesi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"N\u00ebn qiellin q\u00eb ndryshon, grat\u00eb bartin mbi supe ndryshimet klimatike n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi - QIKA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"P\u00ebrve\u00e7 sfidave t\u00eb ndryshme, grat\u00eb q\u00eb merren me fush\u00ebn e bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb sfidohen edhe me ndryshimet klimatike, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb nj\u00eb ndikim n\u00eb veprimtarin\u00eb e tyre prodhuese. 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